| WEI Xiaoli,CHENG Zhiqiang,LI Chunyan,FENG Yuyuan,GAO Kaixiong.Tribological Behavior of Fullerene-like Carbon Films Against Various Mating Materials in Vacuum Conditions[J],53(21):55-62 |
| Tribological Behavior of Fullerene-like Carbon Films Against Various Mating Materials in Vacuum Conditions |
| Received:September 19, 2024 Revised:October 25, 2024 |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.21.007 |
| KeyWord:vacuum environment friction wear fullerene-like carbon films molybdenum disulfide tribo-catalysis |
| Author | Institution |
| WEI Xiaoli |
School of Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, Lanzhou , China;Key Laboratory of Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou , China |
| CHENG Zhiqiang |
Key Laboratory of Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou , China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou , China |
| LI Chunyan |
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou , China |
| FENG Yuyuan |
School of Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, Lanzhou , China |
| GAO Kaixiong |
Key Laboratory of Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou , China |
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| Abstract: |
| Lubrication failure of space moving parts has become a bottleneck restricting the service life and reliability of space technology equipment. At present, aerospace solid lubrication materials used in aerospace equipment are mainly disulfide layered structure compounds, such as molybdenum disulfide, which has a layered hexagonal crystal structure and is a thin layer unit composed of three planar S-Mo-S layers. However, due to the weak interlayer structure, molybdenum disulfide is likely to wear under high loads, so it can not meet the requirements of system durability under high loads in space. Fullerene-like carbon films (FLC) with high hardness and excellent elastic recovery coefficient achieve ultra-low friction (0.008) in atmospheric environments. Fullerene-like carbon films are expected to be widely used as a new type of space solid lubrication films, but the tribological properties of fullerene-like carbon films with various pairs under vacuum are rarely studied. In this paper, fullerene-like carbon films were prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The thickness, structure and mechanical properties of FLC films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy and nanomechanics. The tribological properties of fullerene-like carbon films with amorphous carbon films (DLC), FLC, steel balls (440C) and MoS2 films were investigated by vacuum friction testing machine. Combined with the wear morphology and the Raman and HRTEM structure analysis of transfer films, the friction and wear mechanism of the materials were investigated. The results showed that the friction curves of FLC/DLC friction pairs varied greatly. Although FLC/DLC friction pairs could achieve a lower friction coefficient (0.02), the friction life was short and friction failure occurred quickly. Since FLC or DLC deposited on the surface of 440C was deposited by PECVD, the carbon film deposited on the metal surface usually needed to deposit the transition layer first to enhance the binding force. Because we could not deposit the transition layer by vapor deposition, the binding force was limited, and the DLC ball/FLC ball was likely to fall off during the friction process, and the friction performance of the carbon film was limited in vacuum. Because the friction heat generated in the process of friction could not be transferred in time in the vacuum environment, the accumulation of friction heat led to local temperature rise, which led to dehydrogenation. The vacuum friction of carbon film depended on the hydrogen content of the film, and the reduction of hydrogen content led to friction failure. Although there was no failure problem between the 440C steel ball and FLC, the friction coefficient was relatively large, and only the friction coefficient obtained by MoS2 and FLC was low (0.02), and there was no failure. MoS2/FLC showed the lowest wear rate (1.16×10‒20 m3/(N.m)). Although the friction coefficient of MoS2/MoS2 in vacuum was stable, its wear rate was high, the hardness of MoS2 film was low, and it was likely to "collapse" during the friction process, so its wear rate was relatively large. The friction pair composed of MoS2 and FLC had a low friction coefficient (0.02) and a low wear rate (10‒20 m3/(N.m)), and the fullerene-like carbon film had a high hardness, which could support MoS2 that was likely to "collapse" during the friction process. The main reason is that the fullerene-like structure deconstructs due to the shear force and the catalytic action of Mo during the friction process, which causes the transformation of sp3 to sp2 in the film and the reconstruction into flake graphite. MoS2 forms a transfer film in the friction process and plays the role of a lubricant on the one hand, and a catalyst on the other hand. As a lubricant, it can improve the wear situation; and as a catalyst, it participates in the reconstruction process of fullerene-like structure, to obtain low friction coefficient and low wear performance in a vacuum environment. |
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