| WU Dengjun,WU Songquan,YANG Yi,HOU Juan,WANG Hao,HUANG Aijun.Research Progress in Electrodeposition Technology of Medical Titanium Alloy Calcium Phosphorus Coating[J],53(18):16-30 |
| Research Progress in Electrodeposition Technology of Medical Titanium Alloy Calcium Phosphorus Coating |
| Received:November 12, 2023 Revised:January 26, 2024 |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.18.002 |
| KeyWord:titanium alloy electrochemical deposition calcium phosphate coating hydroxyapatite calcium hydrogen phosphate |
| Author | Institution |
| WU Dengjun |
School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai , China |
| WU Songquan |
School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai , China;Jiangxi Copper Technology Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang , China |
| YANG Yi |
School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai , China |
| HOU Juan |
School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai , China |
| WANG Hao |
School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai , China |
| HUANG Aijun |
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia |
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| Abstract: |
| Electrodeposition technology has emerged as a promising method for the preparation of calcium phosphate coatings on titanium alloy surfaces due to its various advantages. One key advantage is the low processing temperature associated with this technique, which minimizes the risk of thermal damage to the titanium alloy substrate and preserves its mechanical properties. Additionally, electrodeposition allows for precise control over the tissue structure by tailoring the coating thickness, surface roughness, and porosity. These parameters are crucial for promoting cell adhesion, proliferation, and osseointegration, ultimately improving the long-term stability of implants. Cost-effectiveness is another significant advantage of electrodeposition technology compared to plasma spraying techniques. The simple setup, readily available electrolytes, and efficient utilization of materials make electrodeposition a cost-effective choice for large-scale production of calcium phosphate coatings. The calcium phosphate coatings deposited by electrodeposition maintain the excellent mechanical properties of titanium alloys while enhancing their bioactivity. Calcium phosphate compounds, such as hydroxyapatite, are biocompatible and osteoconductive. When applied to titanium alloy surfaces, these coatings improve the interaction between the implant and the surrounding bone tissue, leading to faster healing, reduced risk of implant failure, and potentially extended implant lifespan. Ongoing research aims to optimize various parameters to advance the clinical translation of electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio in the electrolyte is a critical factor that affects the composition and crystal structure of the coatings. Researchers can adjust this ratio to fine-tune properties such as dissolution rate, crystallinity, and bioactivity. The pH value of the electrolyte significantly impacts the electrodeposition process by affecting the solubility and speciation of calcium and phosphorus ions. This, in turn, affects the formation of different calcium phosphate phases, allowing researchers to control the crystalline structure and phase composition of the coatings, thereby affecting their biological performance. Additives in the electrolyte play a crucial role in coating formation by modifying deposition kinetics, controlling nucleation and growth processes, and affecting coating morphology and composition. Careful selection and incorporation of additives enable the achievement of tailored coatings with desired characteristics, such as improved adhesion, enhanced biocompatibility, or controlled release of bioactive molecules. External field conditions, such as electric fields, temperature variations, magnetic fields, ultrasonic waves, and deposition time, have been explored to optimize the electrodeposition process. Electric fields affect the deposition rate, coating morphology, and crystal orientation. Temperature variations affect the kinetics of electrodeposition and the crystalline structure of the coatings. Magnetic fields and ultrasonic waves show potential for enhancing mass transport during electrodeposition, leading to improved coating quality and uniformity. Deposition time plays a crucial role in determining coating thickness and surface characteristics, and its optimization can achieve desired properties. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in achieving high coating quality and uniformity over complex implant geometries. Improving the long-term stability and durability of the coatings, particularly in the physiological environment, is another area of focus. Additionally, the scalability of the electrodeposition process for industrial applications and the development of standardized protocols for clinical use are important considerations for the successful translation of this technology. In conclusion, electrodeposition technology offers numerous advantages for preparing calcium phosphate coatings on titanium alloy surfaces. By precisely controlling electrolyte parameters and external field conditions, researchers can optimize coating properties and enhance bioactivity. Further research and development efforts are necessary to address existing challenges and facilitate the clinical translation of this promising technology, ultimately improving the performance and longevity of titanium alloy-based implants. |
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