| LIU Chao,YU Zhongjie,WANG Taiyuan,YE Mengqi,WANG Qinghua.Fabrication and Properties of Oil-water Separation Surface by Laser-heat Hybrid Treatment[J],53(10):216-229 |
| Fabrication and Properties of Oil-water Separation Surface by Laser-heat Hybrid Treatment |
| Received:May 29, 2023 Revised:September 25, 2023 |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.10.018 |
| KeyWord:laser processing copper foam micro/nanostructures superhydrophobic/superoleophilic surface oil-water separation |
| Author | Institution |
| LIU Chao |
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing , China |
| YU Zhongjie |
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing , China |
| WANG Taiyuan |
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing , China |
| YE Mengqi |
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing , China |
| WANG Qinghua |
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing , China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Nanjing , China |
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| Abstract: |
| The work aims to fabricate superhydrophobic/superoleophilic copper foam surface with excellent oil-water separation performance by efficient and low-cost laser-heat hybrid treatment, which provides an effective reference method for oil pollution purification in marine ecology. Firstly, the copper foams were dried with nitrogen after ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface contaminants. A nanosecond laser beam was then used to induce hierarchical micro/nanostructures on the copper foam surfaces. The laser textured samples were then heated in a heating chamber at 200 ℃ for 100-120 min. The copper foam surfaces prepared by laser-heat hybrid treatment showed excellent superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity under a certain range of laser parameters. The surface topography, chemical composition and surface wettability of the copper foam surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) and contact angle goniometer. The oil-water separation effect of copper foam surfaces was measured by a self-designed oil-water separation experimental device. The experimental results indicated that the rough micro/nanostructures of copper foam surfaces were significantly affected by laser processing parameters, including laser scanning speed, laser power and line spacing. Under the laser power of 15 W, the scanning speed of 200 mm/s and the line spacing of 0.02 mm, the copper foam surfaces retained complete skeleton structure. It was also found that the micro/nano particles of higher density were attached to the skeleton. Herein, the copper foam surfaces exhibited the best superhydrophobic/superoleophilic performance. At the same time, the chemical composition on the surfaces of laser-heat treated copper foam changed rapidly under different processes. After laser texturing, the copper foam surfaces were oxidized obviously. Polar hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the air were deposited onto the surface, which rendered the surface superhydrophilicity/superoleophilicity. The content of C element on the copper foam surfaces increased after laser-heat hybrid treatment. Non-polar carbon-containing hydrophobic groups such as alkyl in the air were deposited onto the surface. The surface energy was significantly reduced, and the copper foam surfaces showed superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity. With the combined effects of surface structure and surface chemistry, the wettability of copper foam surfaces changed from hydrophobicity to superhydrophobicity without changing the superoleophilicity of the surface. The maximum water contact angle was 158.5°, and the oil contact angle remained constant as 0° on the copper foam surfaces fabricated in this work. Oil-water separation experiments indicated that the oil and water could selectively pass through the superhydrophobic/superoleophilic copper foam surfaces prepared by the laser-heat hybrid treatment. Therefore, when the superhydrophobic/superoleophilic copper foam surfaces contacted with the oil and water mixture, the oil and water could be effectively separated and the separation efficiency could reach more than 90%. In summary, the copper foam surfaces with hierarchical micro/nanostructures fabricated by the laser-heat hybrid treatment shows distinct superhydrophobicity/ superoleophilicity and superior oil-water separation performance. Meanwhile, the laser-heat hybrid treatment method is simple, efficient, feasible, and environmentally friendly, and has strong potential to realize large-scale industrial production. It can also provide useful insights for solving the purification problem of oil pollution in marine ecology. |
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