| ZHANG Yi-jia,PAN Yong-zhi,WANG Zhen-da,MEN Xiu-hua,FU Xiu-li.Research Progress of Biological Properties of Medical Titanium Implants with Laser Micro Texture[J],52(6):180-195 |
| Research Progress of Biological Properties of Medical Titanium Implants with Laser Micro Texture |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.06.016 |
| KeyWord:medical titanium alloy laser processing surface texture surface modification titanium implants biocompatibility |
| Author | Institution |
| ZHANG Yi-jia |
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan , China |
| PAN Yong-zhi |
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan , China |
| WANG Zhen-da |
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan , China |
| MEN Xiu-hua |
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan , China |
| FU Xiu-li |
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan , China |
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| Abstract: |
| Compared with common medical implants such as stainless steel and Co-Cr alloy, medical titanium alloy is widely used in clinical medicine, dentistry, bone transplantation and other medical fields because of its significant advantages such as high strength, low elastic modulus, good fatigue performance and density closest to that of human bone. At present, the commonly used surface processing methods of medical titanium alloy mainly include:machining, acid etching, sand blasting, plasma spraying and laser processing. Compared with chemical or traditional physical processing methods, laser processing of medical titanium implant surface has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanness, accuracy and flexibility, and can obtain complex surface morphology unable to be obtained by traditional processing methods. At present, the lasers used in the surface treatment of titanium implants are mainly pulse lasers, including nanosecond lasers, femtosecond lasers and picosecond lasers. Various kinds of pulse lasers can be used to process specific surface textures and texture combinations on the surface of medical titanium implants to improve the biocompatibility of implants. Laser parameters have a direct impact on the surface processing effect of implants. By adjusting laser parameters such as laser flux, pulse frequency, scanning speed and pulse width, it will have different effects on the regularity, accuracy, size and oxidation degree of the processed surface texture, and then affect the surface micro morphology, roughness, hardness and wettability of medical titanium implants, making it possible to obtain the biological environment for the needs of implants. The surface characteristics of implants have a contact guiding effect on cell growth. The surface characteristics such as surface texture shape, surface roughness and wettability directly affect the adhesion, growth and proliferation of cell tissues. The results show that the cells on the texture surface of the implant have higher cell activity, the cells prefer to grow in the sharp corners and depressions of the texture, and the enzyme activity of the cells on the texture surface is higher. The implant surface with roughness in the range of 20 nm to 10 µm has a significant impact on cell compatibility, and the pits and grooves on the rough surface can store debris and lubricating fluid to improve the wear resistance of the implant. Wettability increases with the decrease of contact angle and has a positive effect on cell adhesion. The most favorable contact angle range of cell adhesion is considered to be 40° to 60°. Compared with traditional processing methods, laser processing can achieve ideal medical titanium implant surface, which can effectively prevent bacteria from infusing on the implant surface, reduce incidence rate and improve the success rate of implantation. However, after laser processing, medical titanium implants will have different degrees of cracks and oxide layers on the surface, resulting in friction debris on the implant surface during service, which will have an adverse impact on the implant service environment. The research progress has been summarized in the above aspects. With the development of ultrashort pulse laser technology and new medical implant materials β and the continuous improvement of titanium alloy preparation technology and process, medical titanium implants can obtain ideal surface characteristics and service performance after laser processing. |
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