| WANG Qiang,ZHANG Hong-zhi,QIAN Run-ling,NIU Wen-juan.Research Progress of Corrosion Prevention Technologies for Iron Cultural Relics[J],52(6):140-152 |
| Research Progress of Corrosion Prevention Technologies for Iron Cultural Relics |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.06.013 |
| KeyWord:iron cultural relics corrosion mechanism prevention technology laser cleaning cold spray repair |
| Author | Institution |
| WANG Qiang |
School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an , China;Shaanxi Research Center of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an , China |
| ZHANG Hong-zhi |
Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Heritage, Xi'an , China |
| QIAN Run-ling |
School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an , China |
| NIU Wen-juan |
School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an , China |
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| Abstract: |
| China has an ancient civilization with a historical culture of five thousand years and a huge wealth of cultural heritage. The protection of cultural relics is the historical responsibility of the whole nation to inherit the ancient civilization. Iron cultural relics have a long history in China. However, due to the strong activity of iron as a metal, it is prone to corrode. The existing iron cultural relics face severe challenges of poor preservation and difficulties in protection. Therefore, how to systematically protect iron cultural relics has become the focus of research work. At present, the corrosion protection technology of iron cultural relics has attracted more and more attention from domestic scholars and the society of cultural heritage. Based on a large number of literature research and long-term tracking of research trends of domestic and foreign corrosion protection technologies, the research progress of corrosion prevention technology of iron cultural relics was summarized. Firstly, combined with the specific protection cases of iron cultural relics, the corrosion mechanism of iron cultural relics was briefly introduced. Secondly, the traditional corrosion protection technologies of iron cultural relics were discussed, mainly including derusting technology, desalination technology, corrosion inhibition technology and sealing technology. Derusting technologies mainly included physical derusting and chemical derusting technologies. The advantages and disadvantages were compared, with emphasis on the reaction mechanism and derusting effect of advanced laser cleaning technology. The desalting mechanism of Soxhlet extraction method and alkaline solution immersion method was introduced through different cases. The inhibition effects of various corrosion inhibitors on different iron cultural relics were discussed. The sealing technology mainly involved the application of microcrystalline paraffin, acrylic resin and fluorocarbon coating on iron cultural relics. With the development of material science, the preparation of protective coatings on the surface of iron cultural relics could effectively protect the substrate. However, the current coating technologies generally required high energy sources, such as laser beam, plasma beam or electron beam, the associated heat input in coating preparation was extremely high and was likely to damage the iron cultural relics. According to the protective principles of iron cultural relics, "no change of the original state of iron cultural relics" and "minimum intervention", an innovative coating technology, cold spray, was introduced, which was based on accelerating micron metal powder or composite powder to supersonic state and forming coatings on the surface of matrix material in a low temperature environment. The resulting properties of several different kinds of metal based cold spray coatings on the surface of carbon steel substrates were described. Because of the solid consolidation of powder materials, the microstructure of cold sprayed coating was uniform and dense, and an intimate bonding was achieved between coatings and substrates. Therefore, as an advanced protection technology, cold spray was expected to realize the restoration and protection of iron cultural relics. Finally, the key issues existing in the research status of corrosion protection of iron cultural relics were summarized, and the research focus of applying innovative protection technologies of iron cultural relics was suggested. It will provide new ideas for research and practice of cultural relics protection. |
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