| WANG Zhi-yuan,YANG He-min,ZHANG Yang-yang,LIU Xiao.Research Progress on Erosion Theory and Prediction in Pipe String of Gas Storage[J],52(3):91-110 |
| Research Progress on Erosion Theory and Prediction in Pipe String of Gas Storage |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.03.007 |
| KeyWord:pipe string of gas storage erosion criteria erosion theory erosion prediction model erosion prediction method |
| Author | Institution |
| WANG Zhi-yuan |
School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum East China, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| YANG He-min |
School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum East China, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| ZHANG Yang-yang |
School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum East China, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| LIU Xiao |
School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum East China, Shandong Qingdao , China |
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| Abstract: |
| As natural gas develops to a specific scale in China, gas storage construction has become an inevitable tendency to realize the functions of natural gas peak regulation, emergency gas supply, and strategic reserve. Gas storage often owns a long operating life and adopts a multi-cycle fast and strong injection and extraction mode. Under the multi-cycle and high-intensity injection and extraction, the pipe string will inevitably suffer from the coupling effects of temperature, pressure and alternating cyclic load and will be exposed to an erosion risk. In addition, the gas storage is prone to fatigue damage and sand output under long-cycle alternating load, further aggravating the pipe string erosion. In conclusion, the erosion law of pipe string in gas storage is string and the erosion prediction is challenging, so it is necessary and urgent to study the erosion theory and the methods of erosion prediction for pipe string in gas storage under cyclic injection and extraction. At present, scholars from China and abroad have conducted much research on the erosion of plastic material and have achieved many results. However, these results mainly analyze plastic material erosion in gathering pipelines and specific working conditions, and few reports are available for the pipe string erosion in gas storage under the robust extraction and injection. Therefore, reviews on the erosion mechanism for plastic materials and pipe string in the gas-dominated system and erosion prediction are of specific significance to ensure the safety of pipe string in gas storage during gas injection and extraction. With erosion mechanism as the focus, six typical corrosion theories suitable for plastic materials of pipe string, such as micro-cutting, deformation-cutting, forging extrusion, local deformation, secondary corrosion and hot melt on the target surface were described, and the advantages, disadvantages, and application scope of each theory were clarified. The corrosion criteria (critical erosion flow volume and critical erosion flow rate, surface ductility, mass and volume loss, and strength decay) and the erosion indexes (flow rate ratio, critical plastic strain, a loss rate of mass and volume, and the remaining minimum safety factor) applicable to the pipe string in gas storage were summarized. The specific calculation methods of the indexes were also given. Typical experimental systems from China and abroad were introduced, such as rotating, jet, tubular flow, and single-particle erosion. Several empirical erosion models based on the experimental data, like the E/CRC model and Oka model with a higher frequency of utilization, were given. However, the related standards or specifications for erosion experiments have not been developed in China and abroad, so the erosion law of pipe string has not been systematically studied. The unified interpretation of experimental phenomena and erosion mechanisms under different working conditions and the establishment of universal models for erosion prediction have not been realized. Given the suitable selection of erosion models being a priori existence, this limitation becomes the key to improving the erosion prediction accuracy when using CFD. The general process and shortcomings of predicting erosion based on CFD are described, and the feasibility of predicting pipe erosion based on artificial intelligence is analyzed, which has certain theoretical guidance and practical significance for ensuring safe and efficient injection and production of gas storage. The erosion prediction methods based on artificial intelligence can improve the prediction accuracy of erosion rates. However, the method is in the initial exploration stage and is subject to many limitations in selecting machine learning algorithms and their application settings, requiring much experimental validation. |
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