黄华,尹存宏,吴家柱,张大斌,刘西霞.三相AlCrNiCuSix激光熔覆涂层设计及其减摩耐磨特性研究[J].表面技术,2025,54(9):152-163, 203.
HUANG Hua,YIN Cunhong,WU Jiazhu,ZHANG Dabin,LIU Xixia.Design of Three-phase AlCrNiCuSix Laser Cladding Coatingsand Their Friction-reducing and Wear-resistant Properties[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(9):152-163, 203 |
| 三相AlCrNiCuSix激光熔覆涂层设计及其减摩耐磨特性研究 |
| Design of Three-phase AlCrNiCuSix Laser Cladding Coatingsand Their Friction-reducing and Wear-resistant Properties |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-30 修订日期：2025-02-24 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.09.013 |
| 中文关键词: 激光熔覆 AlCrNiCuSix高熵合金涂层 三相组织 金属间化合物 摩擦磨损 |
| 英文关键词:laser cladding AlCrNiCuSix high entropy alloy coating three-phase structure intermetallic compounds friction and wear |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52361013，52365041);贵州省科学技术基金重点项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]重点017);贵州省基础研究项目(ZK[2022]137);贵州省科技计划(黔科合平台 JSZX(2025)001) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 黄华 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 尹存宏 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 吴家柱 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 张大斌 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 刘西霞 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
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| Author | Institution |
| HUANG Hua | College of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guizhou 550025, China |
| YIN Cunhong | College of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guizhou 550025, China |
| WU Jiazhu | College of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guizhou 550025, China |
| ZHANG Dabin | College of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guizhou 550025, China |
| LIU Xixia | College of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guizhou 550025, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究不同Si含量对AlCrNiCuSix激光熔覆涂层组织结构及摩擦磨损性能的影响规律，为提高Ti-6Al-4V合金表面的摩擦磨损性能提供理论基础。方法 基于价电子浓度和混合焓相结构形成理论，设计AlCrNiCuSix高熵合金涂层。将金属粉末按照AlCrNiCuSix(x为0、0.1、0.3、0.5)实验设计的物质的量之比混合，并采用激光熔覆技术制备涂层。采用具有能谱和EBSD模块的扫描电子显微镜及X射线衍射仪对涂层的组织进行分析，利用显微硬度计测试涂层截面的显微硬度分布，并使用多功能摩擦磨损实验机和激光共聚焦显微镜测试表征涂层的摩擦磨损特性。结果 Si0涂层含有BCC1、BCC2、FCC相，Si元素的添加使得Si0.1涂层中的Cr、Cu元素逐渐溶解，同时涂层晶界处开始析出Cr3Si相，分布不均匀;Si0.3涂层的Cr3Si相和富Cu相变得十分细小而弥散，组织变得致密;Si0.5涂层中Ti的溶解量增加，在基体相中析出了大量的Cr3SiTi2相。AlCrNiCuSix涂层的最高平均显微硬度为683.07HV0.5，最低平均摩擦因数为0.325 3，最低磨损率为6.761×10−6 mm3/(N.m)。结论 加入适量的Si能够明显提高涂层的显微硬度和耐磨性。然而，加入过量的Si会导致涂层中金属间化合物偏析和长大，从而降低涂层的性能。Si0.3涂层具有最佳的耐磨性能，其主要磨损机制为氧化磨损和轻微的磨粒磨损。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This investigation examines the impact of varying silicon (Si) content on the microstructure and tribological characteristics of AlCrNiCuSix laser cladding coatings, so as to establish a theoretical foundation for improving the wear and friction performance of Ti-6Al-4V alloys. Four coatings with distinct Si content (Si0, Si0.1, Si0.3, and Si0.5) are designed based on valence electron concentration and mixing enthalpy theory, and fabricated by laser cladding technology. The microstructure and phase composition of the coatings are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The findings reveals that the Si0 coating is primarily composed of BCC1, BCC2, and FCC phases. The increase in Si content effectively suppresses the segregation of Cr and Cu, resulting in the precipitation of the Cr3Si phase along grain boundaries. The Si0.3 coating exhibits a denser microstructure characterized by fine and uniformly dispersed Cr3Si and Cu-rich phases, which enhances its hardness and wear resistance. However, the increased solubility of Ti in the Si0.5 coating leads to an over-precipitation of the Cr3SiTi2 phase, potentially increasing brittleness and adversely affecting overall performance. Microhardness tests reveal that the Si0.3 coating exhibits the highest hardness at 683.07HV0.5, which is significantly greater than that of the Si0 coating. Tribological tests demonstrate that the Si0.3 coating has the lowest friction coefficient (0.325 3) and wear rate (6.761×10−6 mm3.N−1.m−1), indicating exceptional wear resistance. Wear analysis identifies oxidation wear and minor abrasive wear as the primary wear mechanisms for the Si0.3 coating, which displays minimal surface damage, thereby supporting its superior tribological performance. This study confirms that an optimal addition of silicon markedly enhances the mechanical properties of the coating by facilitating the formation of fine intermetallic phases that contribute to improved wear resistance. Moreover, the findings suggest that excessive silicon (Si) content, as observed in the Si0.5 coating, can lead to the over-precipitation of intermetallic phases such as Cr3SiTi2, which compromises the coating's mechanical integrity and wear performance. This phenomenon occurs due to the increased brittleness and reduced toughness associated with the excessive formation of hard but brittle phases. The tribological performance of the coatings is further examined by analyzing their wear tracks using optical microscopy and 3D profilometry. The Si0.3 coating exhibits a smooth, less worn surface, whereas coatings with higher Si content, particularly Si0.5, demonstrates increased wear and more pronounced surface degradation. The wear rate findings are consistent with the microhardness data, wherein the harder Si0.3 coating exhibits superior wear resistance. The development of a stable oxide layer on the Si0.3 coating enhances its low friction and wear resistance, whereas the Si0 and Si0.1 coatings exhibit less effective oxide formation, leading to increased friction and wear. In conclusion, the Si0.3 coating demonstrates superior performance, characterized by improved hardness, wear resistance, and tribological properties. This provides valuable insights for optimizing laser cladding coatings for industrial applications that demand high wear resistance. Additionally, the study emphasizes the significance of controlling Si content to balance the formation of intermetallic compounds, thereby ensuring optimal hardness, toughness, and wear resistance for aerospace, biomedical, and other high-performance applications. |
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