吴雁,谷嘉伟,谢永乐.热暴露温度对TiAlSiN梯度涂层性能的影响[J].表面技术,2025,54(6):108-114.
WU Yan,GU Jiawei,XIE Yongle.Effect of Heat Exposure Temperature on Performance of TiAlSiN Gradient Coatings[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(6):108-114 |
| 热暴露温度对TiAlSiN梯度涂层性能的影响 |
| Effect of Heat Exposure Temperature on Performance of TiAlSiN Gradient Coatings |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-15 修订日期：2024-07-04 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.06.009 |
| 中文关键词: TiAlSiN梯度涂层 阴极电弧离子镀 热暴露温度 表面微观结构 力学性能 |
| 英文关键词:TiAlSiN gradient coating cathode arc ion plating heat exposure temperature surface microstructure mechanical property |
| 基金项目: |
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| Author | Institution |
| WU Yan | College of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Physical Vapor Deposition PVD Superhard Coating and Equipment, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China |
| GU Jiawei | College of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China |
| XIE Yongle | College of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探究不同热暴露温度对TiAlSiN梯度涂层表面微观结构及力学性能、结合强度、耐高温性能的影响规律及机制。方法 采用阴极电弧离子镀制备了TiAlSiN梯度涂层，对涂层进行1 h不同热暴露温度的加热，采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、纳米压痕仪等试验设备来研究热暴露温度对TiAlSiN梯度涂层表面微观结构、力学性能和结合强度的影响。结果 TiAlSiN涂层在800 ℃下表面平整性良好，主要衍射峰基本不变，在900 ℃及以上时，涂层表面平整性变差，生成氧化物，力学性能大幅下降;TiAlSiN梯度涂层的硬度和结合强度均随温度的上升而下降，弹性模量随着温度上升先下降后上升然后再下降;TiAlSiN梯度涂层在高温环境下会生成Al2O3、TiO、TiO2氧化膜，降低了O元素的扩散速度和活动能力，有效减缓了氧化速度。此外由于TiO2氧化膜结构疏松多孔，一方面可以细化晶粒，另一方面也增加了Al和Ti等元素的扩散通道，使涂层可以在更短时间内形成更多致密氧化膜，从而提高TiAlSiN梯度涂层的耐高温性能。结论 TiAlSiN梯度涂层使用温度可达800 ℃且高温耐久性较强，说明该梯度涂层是一种综合性能优异的防护性涂层。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| TiAlSiN coatings have attracted much attention due to their excellent performance and are widely used in industrial fields such as cutting tools and molds. However, there is still limited research on the performance of TiAlSiN coatings in the high-temperature field. In order to explore the performance of TiAlSiN coatings at high temperature more clearly, this paper designed TiSiN/TiAlSiN/TiAlN/TiN gradient coatings and prepared them using cathodic arc ion plating technology. The coatings were heated at different heat exposure temperature, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nanoindentation tester, and Rockwell hardness tester testing equipment were used to characterize the effect of 1 hour of heat exposure at different temperature on the surface microstructure, mechanical properties, and bonding strength of TiAlSiN gradient coatings, and to elucidate the high-temperature resistance mechanism of TiAlSiN gradient coatings. Research found that TiAlSiN gradient coatings exhibited good surface smoothness after being exposed to high temperature of 600 ℃ and 700 ℃ for 1 hour, with a small amount of small droplets, pinholes, and shallow pits, as well as fewer cluster areas; After thermal exposure at 600 ℃, the phase composition and diffraction peak intensity remained almost unchanged. After thermal exposure at 700 ℃, a new WN phase was generated, leading to an increase in diffraction peak intensity. At 800 ℃, the surface smoothness was good, and the diffraction peak intensity was significantly reduced. At 900 ℃ and above, the surface smoothness of the coatings deteriorated, and a large number of oxide particles formed on the coating surface, resulting in a significant decrease in mechanical properties. It was also found that the hardness and bonding strength of TiAlSiN gradient coatings decreased with increasing temperature, while the elastic modulus first decreased, then increased, and then decreased again with increasing temperature. Compared with the hardness and elastic modulus under no heat exposure, the decrease rate of hardness and elastic modulus after 1 hour of exposure at 600 ℃ was 23.1%; The hardness decrease rate after 1 hour of exposure at 700 ℃ was 29.6%, and the elastic modulus decrease rate was 12.9%; The hardness decrease rate after 1 hour of exposure at 800 ℃ was 37.5%, and the elastic modulus decrease rate was 15.9%; The hardness decrease rate after 1 hour of exposure at 900 ℃ was 53.4%, and the elastic modulus decrease rate is 21.5%. The excellent high-temperature resistance of TiAlSiN gradient coatings was due to the formation of Al2O3, TiO and TiO2 oxide films in high-temperature environments, which reduced the diffusion rate and activity ability of O elements and effectively slowed down the oxidation rate. And due to the loose and porous structure of the TiO2 oxide film, on the one hand, it could refine the grain size, and on the other hand, it also increased the diffusion channels of elements such as Al and Ti, allowing the coating to form more dense oxide films in a shorter time. In summary, TiAlSiN gradient coatings have excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, and maintains excellent mechanical properties and high-temperature thermal stability even after being exposed to high temperature not exceeding 800 ℃. Therefore, the testing temperature of TiAlSiN gradient coatings can reach 800 ℃ and they have strong high-temperature durability, making it a comprehensive protective coating with excellent performance. |
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