姬长贺,周宗明,颜旭,宋学磊,王广,董兰,吴浩,盛锐,李长河.低温冷风微量润滑加工机理和应用研究进展[J].表面技术,2025,54(6):1-18.
JI Changhe,ZHOU Zongming,YAN Xu,SONG Xuelei,WANG Guang,DONG Lan,WU Hao,SHENG Rui,LI Changhe.Research Progress on Mechanism and Applications of Cryogenic Minimum Quantity Lubrication[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(6):1-18 |
| 低温冷风微量润滑加工机理和应用研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Mechanism and Applications of Cryogenic Minimum Quantity Lubrication |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-07 修订日期：2024-10-17 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.06.001 |
| 中文关键词: 磨削 切削 供给系统 切削力 低温冷风 微量润滑 机理 温度 |
| 英文关键词:grinding cutting supply system cutting force cryogenic air minimum quantity lubrication mechanism temperature |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52375447，52205481，52105457);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023QE057，ZR20222QE028) |
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| Author | Institution |
| JI Changhe | Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
| ZHOU Zongming | Hanergy Qingdao Lubrication Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong Qingdao 266100, China |
| YAN Xu | HyUnion Holding Co., Ltd., Shandong Qingdao 266217, China |
| SONG Xuelei | Qingdao Yuyuan New Materials Co., Ltd., Shandong Qingdao 266200, China |
| WANG Guang | Guohua Qingdao Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., Shandong Qingdao 201620, China |
| DONG Lan | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Binhai University, Shandong Qingdao 266555, China |
| WU Hao | Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
| SHENG Rui | Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
| LI Changhe | Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China;Qingdao Jimo Qing li Intelligent Manufacturing Industry Research Institute, Shandong Qingdao 266200, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 低温冷却和微量润滑是解决传统浇注式润滑中大量使用切削液问题的有效方法，然而，低温冷却和微量润滑有着各自应用的局限性。虽然低温冷风微量润滑是解决以上技术问题的有效方案，但低温冷风微量润滑参数和切削用量与加工性能之间的量化映射关系尚不清晰，限制了低温冷风微量润滑在工业中的推广应用。基于此，针对低温冷风微量润滑的供给系统、加工性能、机理和模型进行了系统分析与综合评价。首先，从作用形式与机理方面分析了低温冷风微量润滑在加工过程中的典型供给方式。其次，从提高换热效率和改善润滑油膜的理化性质方面揭示了低温冷风微量润滑的冷却润滑机理对切削力、刀具磨损和切屑变形等加工性能的影响。进一步地，综述了低温冷风微量润滑在机械加工中对降低切削力、抑制刀具磨损和减小切屑变形的性能作用规律。结果表明:在润滑介质供应流量为50 mL/h、低温空气压力为0.7 MPa的低温冷风微量润滑条件下磨削Ti-6Al-4V，与单一低温冷却条件相比，法向磨削力降低39%，切向磨削力降低40.9%。最后，分析了润滑条件和加工用量对切削力影响的变化规律，在平衡加工质量、加工效率和经济性的条件下得到了相对优选的磨削Ti-6Al-4V加工用量和射流供给参数。针对当前低温冷风微量润滑技术面临的挑战，提出了未来发展方向，旨在为工业应用提供理论指导和技术支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL) has emerged as a promising technique to enhance lubrication performance in the realm of cryogenic machining, addressing several challenges traditionally associated with lubrication in extreme temperature environments. Despite its potential, the lack of a clear understanding of the intricate relationships among various parameters of CMQL, cutting parameters, and resultant machining performance has hindered its broader industrial adoption. This paper aims to elucidate these relationships through a comprehensive analysis of the supply system, machining performance, lubrication mechanisms, and theoretical models pertinent to cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication. Initially, various supply methods employed for CMQL during machining operations are explored. These methods are crucial as they dictate the efficiency and effectiveness of lubricant delivery to the cutting interface. Innovative techniques such as spray systems, mist delivery, and direct application are explored, each presenting unique advantages in ensuring optimal lubricant distribution, which is essential for maximizing the beneficial effects of cryogenic cooling and lubrication. Subsequently, the superior performance of CMQL is evaluated in terms of critical machining parameters including cutting force, tool wear, and chip deformation. Empirical evidence demonstrates that CMQL significantly improves lubrication efficacy, leading to a marked reduction in cutting forces when juxtaposed with traditional dry cutting methods. This reduction is not merely quantitative; It translates into enhanced tool life and improved surface finish quality, which are pivotal for industrial applications where precision and reliability are paramount. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the interaction between CMQL parameters and cutting parameters reveals that the feed rate and the cutting speed are the most influential factors affecting the cutting force. Increases in either parameter result in elevated cutting forces, underscoring the need for meticulous optimization. By adjusting these parameters thoughtfully, manufacturers can mitigate cutting forces, thereby achieving a more efficient machining process. To facilitate this optimization, strategic approaches for refining machining parameters are summarized. These strategies encompass a holistic consideration of the machining environment, tool material properties, and the physical characteristics of the workpiece. The culmination of these efforts leads to the identification of relatively optimal machining parameters, which not only enhance performance but also align with economic considerations in industrial settings. In conclusion, while CMQL presents a revolutionary step forward in machining technology, several bottlenecks remain that necessitate further investigation. Future research directions should focus on developing a more nuanced understanding of the interactions between CMQL parameters and machining dynamics. This includes exploring advanced modeling techniques that can accurately predict performance outcomes based on varying operational conditions. Additionally, the integration of real-time monitoring systems could provide invaluable feedback, allowing for adaptive control of the lubrication process. By addressing these challenges, the full potential of cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication can be unlocked, paving the way for its wider application across diverse manufacturing sectors. This research not only contributes to the academic discourse but also serves as a practical guide for industrial practitioners seeking to enhance machining performance through innovative lubrication techniques. |
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