张国发,王利涛,丁伟,吴波,吕美.医用硅橡胶表面改性技术的研究与应用[J].表面技术,2025,54(4):55-69.
ZHANG Guofa,WANG Litao,DING Wei,WU Bo,LYU Mei.Research and Application of Surface Modification Technology of Medical Silicone Rubber[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(4):55-69 |
| 医用硅橡胶表面改性技术的研究与应用 |
| Research and Application of Surface Modification Technology of Medical Silicone Rubber |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-08 修订日期：2024-09-06 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.04.004 |
| 中文关键词: 硅橡胶 生物摩擦 抗菌 润滑 涂层 表面改性 |
| 英文关键词:silicone rubber biotribology antibacterial lubricating coating surface modification |
| 基金项目:山东省自然基金资助项目(ZR2022ME048，ZR2023MH018);济宁医学院高层次科研项目培育计划(JYGC2022KJ007);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升项目(2023TSGC0538);日照市重点研发计划项目(2023ZDYF010145) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 张国发 | 山东第一医科大学 药学院药物研究所，济南 250117;济宁医学院 药学院，山东 日照 276800， |
| 王利涛 | 济宁医学院 药学院，山东 日照 276800， |
| 丁伟 | 山东贝诺斯医疗器械有限公司，山东 日照 276800 |
| 吴波 | 山东贝诺斯医疗器械有限公司，山东 日照 276800 |
| 吕美 | 济宁医学院 药学院，山东 日照 276800， |
|
| Author | Institution |
| ZHANG Guofa | College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China;College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Shandong Rizhao 276800, China |
| WANG Litao | College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Shandong Rizhao 276800, China |
| DING Wei | Shandong Bainus Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., Shandong Rizhao 276800, China |
| WU Bo | Shandong Bainus Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., Shandong Rizhao 276800, China |
| LYU Mei | College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Shandong Rizhao 276800, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 硅橡胶高分子材料由于其耐高温、耐老化、透明度高，以及无毒无味、力学性能优越和生物兼容性好等优点，在生命科学和医学领域得到广泛应用。然而，随着医学技术的不断进步，对医用制品的要求也变得日益严格。硅橡胶植入生物体内容易引起微生物污染，并且其表层与细胞之间的摩擦可能导致细胞组织结构损坏，从而降低硅橡胶植入物的适用性并影响其临床应用。简要介绍了医用硅橡胶的特性及其发展历史，并通过综述国内外研究成果，概述了表面改性硅橡胶在抗菌性能和表面润滑性能方面的研究。常用的抗菌涂层包括纳米金属、抗生素和一氧化氮，常用的润滑涂层包括聚乙二醇、聚丙烯酰胺和透明质酸，以及其他类型的润滑涂层，对各种类型的涂层从制备类型、研究方法、功能效果等方面进行总结归纳，并简要介绍其存在的不足之处，如生物相容性、细菌耐药性和操作工艺等问题，以及可能的改进方法。此外，简要总结了常用的涂层制备方法，并重点介绍了气相沉积技术、紫外光接枝技术以及可逆-失活自由基聚合技术。最后，通过对当前硅橡胶表面改性方法的总结与思考，展望了未来硅橡胶表面改性的研究方向，以期获得性能更加优异的医用硅橡胶。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a polymer elastic material that combines inorganic and organic properties, silicone rubber is widely used in the fields of life science and medicine due to its high temperature resistance, aging resistance, high transparency, non-toxic and odorless properties, superior mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility. However, with the continuous advancement of medical technology, the requirements for medical products have become increasingly strict. Implantation of silicone rubber into living organisms can easily cause microbial contamination and high frictional resistance, which may lead to structural damage and thereby affect its clinical application. The characteristics and development history of medical silicone rubber are briefly introduced and the research and application of surface modified silicone rubber in antibacterial and surface lubrication properties are summarized by reviewing Chinese and foreign research results. In addition, the future development direction of medical silicone rubber coatings is also reviewed. Starting from the classification of medical silicone rubber surface coatings, the basic principles of antibacterial and lubricating coatings were expounded, and the advantages, disadvantages and application scope of various methods were clarified. In addition, commonly used coating preparation methods were briefly summarized, with a focus on vapor deposition technology, ultraviolet light grafting technology and reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. Finally, by summarizing and reflecting on the current surface modification methods of silicone rubber, the future research directions for surface modification of silicone rubber were discussed. The commonly used medical silicone rubber antibacterial coatings include nanometallics, antibiotics, and nitric oxide. Metal nanomaterials can inactivate cells and prevent bacterial growth through physical interactions, metal ion leaching, direct generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), or indirect increase in ROS production. As the main force in treating bacterial infections, antibiotics can significantly enhance the antibacterial performance of materials by utilizing their excellent antibacterial properties. Nitric oxide can participate in the antibacterial activity of macrophages, and then achieve antibacterial effects mainly through the nitrification of amines and thiols, lipid peroxidation, tyrosine nitration, and DNA lysis. Researchers have improved the antibacterial performance of materials by developing coatings containing molecules that can release NO. Commonly used lubricating coatings include polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide and hyaluronic acid, as well as some other types of lubricating coatings, including nano composite hydrogel coating composed of graphene oxide nanosheets and zwitterionic polymethyl sulfonate betaine, coating prepared by hydrophilic polymer polymethyl acrylate hydroxyethyl ester, and some bionic coatings. These coatings have excellent hydrophilicity, good biocompatibility, and biodegradability, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of tissue inflammation. In addition, the surface coating technology of medical silicone rubber is also introduced. Vapor deposition technology including physical vapor deposition technology and chemical vapor deposition technology has been used to precisely control polymer chemistry, coating thickness, and shape retention, and this comprehensive control capacity of surface properties make its suitable for biological applications. Ultraviolet (UV) grafting technology is a method of modifying the surface by initiating polymerization reactions of monomers to form a layer of grafted polymer through UV. Due to mild and easy to control, simple initiation process, low cost, and no need to alter the characteristics of the material, UV grafting reaction is commonly used for surface modification treatment of silicone rubber. The reversible-deactivation radical polymerization technology introduces a reversible deactivation control agent for free radicals during the free radical polymerization process, thereby achieving precise control of the polymer molecular weight, prolonging the life of the growing chain, and reducing the proportion of terminating chains. This technology can prepare various polymers with low dispersion and controllable molecular structure, such as star shaped, cyclic, and brush shaped polymers. At present, researchers have successively developed different lubricating coatings and antibacterial coatings. However, there are still relatively few reports on the properties of coatings that have both antibacterial and good lubrication effects. Therefore, the development and research of future medical silicone rubber composite coatings is still a topic worth exploring in depth. |
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