王新飞,邢朝阳,李奥迪,张斌,王欣.等离子体处理丁腈橡胶表面摩擦学研究[J].表面技术,2025,54(3):101-109.
WANG Xinfei,XING Zhaoyang,LI Aodi,ZHANG Bin,WANG Xin.Tribological Study of Plasma-treated Nitrile Rubber Surface[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(3):101-109 |
| 等离子体处理丁腈橡胶表面摩擦学研究 |
| Tribological Study of Plasma-treated Nitrile Rubber Surface |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-06 修订日期：2024-09-30 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.03.008 |
| 中文关键词: 丁腈橡胶 表面改性 摩擦学性能 接触角 等离子体处理 |
| 英文关键词:NBR surface modification tribological properties contact angle plasma treatment |
| 基金项目:国家科技重大项目(J2019-VII-0015-0155);甘肃省重点研发计划(20YF8WA006);兰州化学物理研究所“135”人才培养项目 |
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| Author | Institution |
| WANG Xinfei | Research and Development Center for Advanced Lubrication and Protective Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730099, China |
| XING Zhaoyang | Research and Development Center for Advanced Lubrication and Protective Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730099, China |
| LI Aodi | Research and Development Center for Advanced Lubrication and Protective Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730099, China |
| ZHANG Bin | Research and Development Center for Advanced Lubrication and Protective Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730099, China |
| WANG Xin | AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 为了降低丁腈橡胶的摩擦系数，提高丁腈橡胶产品使用寿命。方法 使用丁腈橡胶作为基体材料，分别将Ar、Ar+O2、Ar+N2、Ar+C2H2在不同比例下作为等离子体源对丁腈橡胶表面进行改性。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、接触角测量仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、摩擦试验机，分别对试样的表面形貌、接触角大小、官能团及元素价态信息、摩擦系数等进行表征分析。结果 不同气氛等离子体对丁腈橡胶表面形貌产生了明显的影响，对摩擦系数的改变程度具有明显差异，其中Ar+C2H2(4∶1)等离子体处理之后显示出0.266左右的稳定低摩擦系数，同时也显示出约50°的最小水接触角。结论 不同气氛和比例的等离子体源离化后具有不同的能量，对NBR表面的轰击作用力不同，造成表面形貌的差异。相比于含氧和含氮气氛，含乙炔等离子体中的氢元素可能在降低摩擦系数方面起作用，红外图谱显示不同比例碳氢键含量与等离子体源种类相关。具有更高含氢量的乙炔气氛等离子体处理之后有更低的水接触角，可能与NBR表面基团的极性共价键和表面基团与水分子间的作用力有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| NBR is characterized by oil and abrasion resistance, good elasticity, good air permeability, etc. It is an indispensable material for manufacturing seals, and needs to be in frequent contact with lubricants and metals. Therefore, the coefficient of friction and wear performance are the key characteristics that determine the performance of NBR products. However, the tribological properties of plasma-treated rubber surfaces are not explored fully in the current research. The innovation of this work focuses on the variety of plasma atmospheres and different plasma treatment time. This innovation can, on the one hand, make a more comprehensive comparison of the differences in the treatment results of NBR rubber with common atmosphere conditions, and on the other hand, provide clues for exploring the mechanism of the modification treatment. With NBR as the substrate material, Ar, Ar+O2, Ar+N2, and Ar+C2H2 in different ratios were used as the plasma source to modify the surface of NBR, and the effects of different treatment time of 10 min and 30 min on the surface properties of NBR were comparatively studied. The experimental samples were NBR rubber blocks of certain sizes. The surface temperature of NBR did not exceed 80 degrees Celsius throughout the modification experiment. The experiments were performed by a DC power supply with 100 V and 10 A of current in a chamber of about 10‒2 vacuum magnitude. The rotational friction mode was used for 60 minutes of atmospheric friction experiments at a load of 3 N, a rotational speed of 300 r/min, and a rotational radius of 4 mm. A steel ball with a radius of 6 mm was used as the friction pair. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle detector, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and friction tester were used to characterize and analyze the surface morphology of the samples, the size of the contact angle, the information of the functional groups and elemental valence, and the friction coefficient, etc. The results showed that different atmosphere plasma sources were used to modify the surface of NBR at different rates. The test results indicated that different atmosphere plasma had obvious effect on the surface morphology of NBR, and the degree of change on the friction coefficient was obviously different, in which Ar+C2H2 (4∶1) plasma treatment showed a stable low friction coefficient of about 0.266, and also showed the minimum water contact angle of about 50°. In conclusion, plasma sources with different atmospheres and ratios have different energies after ionizing and impacting the NBR surface with different forces, resulting in differences in surface morphology. Hydrogen in acetylene-containing plasma may play a role in lowering the coefficient of friction compared to oxygen-and nitrogen-containing atmospheres, and infrared spectra show that different ratios of carbon-hydrogen bonding are correlated with the type of plasma source. The lower water contact angle after plasma treatment with an acetylene atmosphere with higher hydrogen content may be related to the higher forces between polar covalent bonds and water molecules in the NBR surface groups. The experimental results provide ideas and guidance for realizing low friction performance with NBR in practice. |
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