陈栋,党博,杨凯,孟祥乐,魏东博,李淑琴,张平则.过渡金属氮化物PEMFC双极板涂层研究进展[J].表面技术,2025,54(3):39-61.
CHEN Dong,DANG Bo,YANG Kai,MENG Xiangle,WEI Dongbo,LI Shuqin,ZHANG Pingze.Research Progress of Transition Metal Nitride Coatings on PEMFC Metal Bipolar Plate[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(3):39-61 |
| 过渡金属氮化物PEMFC双极板涂层研究进展 |
| Research Progress of Transition Metal Nitride Coatings on PEMFC Metal Bipolar Plate |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-11 修订日期：2024-06-26 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.03.003 |
| 中文关键词: 过渡金属氮化物涂层 双极板 质子交换膜燃料电池 耐腐蚀性 导电性 |
| 英文关键词:transition metal nitride coating bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell corrosion resistance conductivity |
| 基金项目: |
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| Author | Institution |
| CHEN Dong | College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China |
| DANG Bo | College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China |
| YANG Kai | College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China |
| MENG Xiangle | College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China |
| WEI Dongbo | College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China |
| LI Shuqin | College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China |
| ZHANG Pingze | College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 双极板是构成质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的关键部件之一，具有导热导电、分配反应气体等重要作用，但在酸性工况下易被腐蚀，影响其长期稳定性。通过在金属双极板表面制备涂层来提高其性能是一种具有很大潜力的方法。过渡金属氮化物的晶体结构由于存在共价键、离子键和金属键，使其具有优异的耐腐蚀性、出色的导电导热性和疏水性，在提高PEMFC双极板服役性能方面具有很大的发展前景。首先介绍了不同种类的单层过渡金属(Nb、Cr、Ti等)氮化物涂层的组织结构，研究了不同物相组成对涂层相关性能的影响。此外制备工艺的种类以及相关工艺参数同样会影响过渡金属氮化物涂层的使用性能，如沉积偏压会影响涂层晶粒大小和致密度。随后综述了多层涂层以及异原子掺杂涂层的相关研究，发现其阻断了柱状晶生长，往往具有比单相涂层更优异的耐腐蚀性能;介绍了过渡金属氮化物涂层常用的制备工艺，包括真空蒸镀、磁控溅射和多弧离子镀技术等。最后对过渡金属氮化物PEMFC双极板涂层进行了总结，指出了目前研究的不足以及未来的研究方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Bipolar plate is one of key components constituting a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which has important roles such as thermal and electrical conductivity and distribution of reactive gases, but it is prone to corrosion under acidic working conditions, which affects its long-term stability. Improving its performance by preparing coatings on the surface of metal bipolar plates is a method with great potential. In this paper, firstly, the organizational structures of different kinds of single-layer transition metal nitride coatings are introduced, and the effects of different physical phase compositions on relevant properties of the coatings are investigated. Secondly, the studies related to multilayer coatings as well as heteroatom doped coatings are summarized. Subsequently, the common preparation processes of transition metal nitride coatings are introduced. Finally, the transition metal nitride PEMFC bipolar plate coatings are summarized, and the shortcomings of the current research and future research directions are pointed out. Transition metal nitride (TMN) is a compound formed by doping N elements in transition metal elements (Nb, Cr, Ti, etc.). And its crystal structure, due to the existence of covalent, ionic and metallic bonds, makes it have excellent corrosion resistance, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and hydrophobicity. So it has a great development prospect in improving the service performance of PEMFC bipolar plates. Transition metal nitride coatings for bipolar plates are categorized into single-layer coatings, multilayer coatings, and heteroatom doped coatings according to their structure design. For single-layer coatings, the microstructure of the coating is affected by the preparation process and the parameters. Especially, the N2 partial pressure significantly affects the physical phase organization of the coating; Multilayer coatings have better corrosion resistance than single-layer coatings due to their periodic structure, which inhibits the generation of columnar crystal holes; Heteroatom doped coatings hinder the growth of columnar crystals through the formation of corrosion-resistant phases from heteroatoms, which improves the corrosion resistance of bipolar plates. At present, surface modification of bipolar plates is still one of the most effective ways to prevent the failure of bipolar plates in long-term operation. The research on transition metal nitride coatings for bipolar plates often focuses on coating elements and structure design, preparation process, and related properties. In the future, on the one hand, the research direction should not only be limited to the common properties such as corrosion resistance, interfacial conductivity, hydrophobicity, etc. of transition metal nitride coatings, and thermal cycling in the actual operating environment of PEMFC is also crucial. It is also necessary for researchers to conduct in-depth analyses and studies on the thermal properties of the bipolar plates; On the other hand, other single-phase transition metal nitride coatings, such as NbN, CrN, TiN, etc., often present a columnar crystal structure. The key to further improve the corrosion resistance of bipolar plates lies in how to hinder the columnar growth of coating grains. Multilayer coatings and heteroatom doped coatings can often inhibit the generation of columnar crystal holes, but multilayer coatings with different elements and crystal structures may lead to galvanic coupling corrosion and a certain amount of stress strain between coatings. Therefore, exploring single-layer noncolumnar crystal coatings or coatings with homogeneous multilayer structures as well as heteroatom-doped coatings will be the main research direction in the future. |
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