尹衍恒,赵朕,李庆,刘大猛,李伟青.连续激光抛光钛合金表面的磨损性能研究[J].表面技术,2025,54(1):218-227.
YIN Yanheng,ZHAO Zhen,LI Qing,LIU Dameng,LI Weiqing.Investigation of Wear Properties of Titanium Alloy Surfaces Polished with Continuous Laser[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(1):218-227 |
| 连续激光抛光钛合金表面的磨损性能研究 |
| Investigation of Wear Properties of Titanium Alloy Surfaces Polished with Continuous Laser |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-04 修订日期：2024-04-10 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.01.020 |
| 中文关键词: 激光抛光 钛合金 抛光工艺 表面粗糙度 摩擦因数 耐磨性能 |
| 英文关键词:laser polishing titanium alloy polishing process surface roughness friction coefficient wear resistance |
| 基金项目: |
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| Author | Institution |
| YIN Yanheng | School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
| ZHAO Zhen | Jihua Laboratory, Guangdong Foshan 528200, China |
| LI Qing | Jihua Laboratory, Guangdong Foshan 528200, China |
| LIU Dameng | School of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
| LI Weiqing | School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 系统探索连续激光参数对Ti6Al4V抛光表面摩擦磨损性能及抛光精度的影响规律。通过精细调控激光参数，揭示钛合金表面精密抛光与磨损性能提升的关键技术和深层物理机制，满足航空航天、医疗器械等高端应用领域对高性能材料的严格要求。方法 采用连续激光抛光技术对Ti6Al4V钛合金表面进行激光处理。通过改变实验条件(包括离焦距离、激光功率和扫描速度)，系统研究激光参数对钛合金表面形貌、表面粗糙度及摩擦因数的影响规律。结果 经连续激光抛光处理后，Ti6Al4V钛合金的表面粗糙度由原始状态显著降至0.412 μm，降幅约为87%，而摩擦因数降低了约16%。通过理论分析进一步揭示了热毛细效应调控和晶粒细化机制在材料表面处理中的关键作用，指出这2种机制分别对提高材料抛光效果和降低摩擦因数起到了决定性作用。结论 通过优化连续激光参数(功率P=30 W，扫描速度v=1 000 mm/s，离焦距离z=2 mm，光斑直径d=0.035 mm)，采用连续激光抛光技术不仅能显著降低钛合金表面的粗糙度，同时也有效提升了其摩擦磨损性能，为Ti6Al4V钛合金在航空航天、医疗器械等精密机械领域的应用，提供了一种新的表面处理策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to investigate the influence of continuous laser parameters on friction wear performance and polishing precision of Ti6Al4V polished surfaces, and reveal the key technologies and deep physical mechanisms behind precision polishing and wear performance enhancement of titanium alloy surfaces through the control of laser parameters, so as to meet the stringent requirements for high-performance materials in aerospace, medical devices, and other advanced application fields. Continuous laser polishing technology was employed for the detailed treatment of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surfaces. By varying experimental conditions, including defocus distance, laser power, and scanning speed, the specific influence of laser parameters on the titanium alloy's surface morphology, surface roughness, and friction coefficient was systematically examined. Employing a suite of characterization tools such as high-resolution ultra-depth-of-field microscopy, metallographic microscopy, white-light interferometry, and friction wear testing, the research offered comprehensive insights into the changes induced on the alloy surfaces by laser polishing. Findings demonstrated that the surface roughness of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy was significantly reduced to 0.412 μm, marking an approximate 87% reduction, while the friction coefficient found a decrease of about 16%. The core of the investigation was the precision in adjusting laser parameters to optimize the balance between energy distribution and material interaction, leading to significant enhancements in surface quality. Theoretical analysis further revealed the crucial roles of thermal capillary effect control and grain refinement mechanisms in surface treatment, highlighting their decisive impact on improving material polishing effects and reducing friction coefficients. By optimizing continuous laser parameters (power P=30 W, scanning speed v=1 000 mm/s, defocus distance z=2 mm, beam diameter d=0.035 mm), continuous laser polishing technology not only significantly reduced the surface roughness of titanium alloys but also effectively enhanced their friction wear performance. The surface roughness of the polishing interface was intricately linked to the melt pool's temperature, predominantly governed by laser power density or the laser's power distributed over a unit area. Considering that laser power density was determined by both the spot area and the power, the defocusing distance, power, and speed each directly impacted the spot size, power input, and the quantity of laser energy received by a unit area over a specified time period, respectively. Consequently, variations in laser parameters in experiments involving defocus, power, and speed essentially constituted adjustments to the spatial and temporal distribution of laser power density. The experimental setup utilized a Gaussian beam, characterized by a higher energy density at its center tapering off towards the edges. Optimal surface polishing effects were achieved when the spatial and temporal power density was appropriately adjusted, ensuring that the energy disparity between the beam's center and its edges - the temperature gradient in the melted material-substantially decreased. This adjustment led to a smaller temperature differential within the melt pool, fostering relatively stable melt pool dynamics. Conversely, excessive power density elevated the center's energy density and the melt pool's temperature, widening the temperature gap between the pool and its periphery. This discrepancy prompted the molten material to shift dramatically from the center towards the edges, resulting in pronounced melt tracks and increased roughness. At lower power densities, the melting process was insufficient, yielding suboptimal polishing outcomes. This research provides a new surface treatment strategy for the application of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy in fields demanding high surface performance, such as aerospace and medical devices. |
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