康熙,宫巍容,刘锐涵,赵洋,陈翔,陈光雄,崔晓璐,禄盛.高速列车偏心车轮踏面的高阶多边形磨耗机理研究[J].表面技术,2025,54(1):132-139.
KANG Xi,GONG Weirong,LIU Ruihan,ZHAO Yang,CHEN Xiang,CHEN Guangxiong,CUI Xiaolu,LU Sheng.Wear Mechanism for High-order Polygonalization of Eccentric Wheel Treads of High-speed Trains[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(1):132-139 |
| 高速列车偏心车轮踏面的高阶多边形磨耗机理研究 |
| Wear Mechanism for High-order Polygonalization of Eccentric Wheel Treads of High-speed Trains |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-02 修订日期：2024-07-09 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.01.012 |
| 中文关键词: 车轮高阶多边形磨耗 有限元仿真 摩擦自激振动 高速列车 偏心车轮 轮轨饱和蠕滑力 |
| 英文关键词:wheel high-order polygonal wear finite element simulation frictional self-excited vibration high-speed train eccentric wheel wheel-rail saturated creep force |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52175189, 52275176);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202300603);重庆邮电大学引进人才基金资助项目(E012A2023034) |
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| Author | Institution |
| KANG Xi | School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China |
| GONG Weirong | School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China |
| LIU Ruihan | School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China |
| ZHAO Yang | School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China |
| CHEN Xiang | School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China |
| CHEN Guangxiong | School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China |
| CUI Xiaolu | School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China |
| LU Sheng | School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究高铁车轮几何偏心与车轮踏面高阶多边形磨耗之间的关系。方法 在匀速运行期间对高速列车轴箱体的三向振动加速度进行测试，并分析功率谱密度;建立轮对-钢轨系统有限元模型，采用瞬时动态法计算车轮不同几何偏心工况下轮轨力的波动情况;采用复特征值法分析轮轨在饱和纵向蠕滑力激励下系统的稳定性，预测引起车轮高阶多边形磨耗的轮轨不稳定振动，并研究对列车运行速度和运营环境的影响。结果 高速列车以237 km/h的速度运行且轮轨摩擦因数为0.23时，0.7 mm及以上的车轮几何偏心量会导致轮轨最大纵向蠕滑力达到饱和状态，引起614 Hz的轮轨系统不稳定振动，造成车轮24~25阶多边形磨耗的形成。当车速从200 km/h分别增至300、400 km/h时，引起纵向蠕滑力饱和的车轮几何偏心临界值从0.8 mm分别减至约0.67、0.56 mm。当轮轨间摩擦因数为0.21及以上时，饱和纵向蠕滑力激励的轮轨系统614 Hz不稳定振动的等效阻尼比随着轮轨摩擦因数的增大而减小。在摩擦因数0.21~0.27范围内，该振动的发生趋势线性增强。当摩擦因数降至0.21以下时，该振动趋于稳定。结论 在列车高速运行时，超过一定临界值的车轮几何偏心可引起轮轨纵向蠕滑力周期性饱和，激发轮轨系统不稳定振动，从而引起踏面高阶多边形磨耗。车速的提高会导致车轮几何偏心临界值的降低，轮轨摩擦因数增大会造成不稳定振动的发生趋势线性增强，进而引发更为严重的车轮高阶多边形磨耗。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study the relationship between the geometric eccentricity of high-speed railway wheels and high-order polygonal wear of eccentric wheel treads, the axle box three-direction vibration acceleration during the uniform speed operation of the train was tested to analyze the power spectral density (PSD). According to the PSD analysis results, it could be seen that there was a significant vibration frequency of 598 Hz. The radius of the wheel was approximately 0.43 m, and the train ran at a uniform speed of about 237 km/h, so it could be calculated that the vibration frequency of 598 Hz corresponded to the passing frequency of wheel 24-25 order polygonal wear. Then, a finite element model of wheelset-rails system was established based on field tests and vehicle-track multi-body dynamic simulation, and the fluctuation of wheel-rail forces under different wheel geometric eccentricity conditions was calculated via transient dynamic simulation. The simulation results showed that the wheel-rail longitudinal creep force fluctuated periodically with the wheel rolling angle, which could cause changes in the wheel-rail friction work and the wear rate at the same frequency, resulting in wheel eccentric wear. As the wheel geometric eccentric value increased from 0.5 to 0.8 mm, the wheel-rail longitudinal creep force gradually increased to the saturated state. Moreover, the stability of the wheelset-rails system under the excitation of the wheel-rail saturation longitudinal creep force was analyzed by the complex eigenvalue method, and the wheel-rail unstable vibration that caused wheel high-order polygonal wear was predicted. In the frequency range of 0-1 200 Hz, four unstable frictional self-excited vibrations were excited by the wheel-rail saturated longitudinal creep force. Among them, the unstable vibration of 614 Hz had the smallest effective damping ratio and the strongest occurrence trend, and the relative error between the frequency of this vibration and the main frequency of the axle box in the field test was about 2.68%, which indicated that this unstable vibration could cause wheel high-order polygonal wear. In addition, the influence of train speed and operating environment was studied. The research results showed that when the high-speed train ran at 237 km/h and the wheel-rail friction coefficient was 0.23, the wheel geometric eccentric value of 0.7 mm and above could lead to the wheel-rail maximum longitudinal creep force reaching saturation state, causing the wheel-rail unstable vibration of 614 Hz, and resulting in the formation of wheel 24-25 order polygonal wear. When the train speed increased from 200 km/h to 300 and 400 km/h, the wheel geometric eccentric critical value causing saturation of the longitudinal creep force decreased from 0.8 mm to about 0.67 and 0.56 mm, respectively, which caused the wheel-rail longitudinal creep force to reach saturation more easily, resulting in the aggravation of wheel high-order polygonal wear. When the wheel-rail friction coefficient was 0.21 and above, the occurrence trend of wheel-rail unstable vibration of 614 Hz excited by saturated longitudinal creep force increased with the increase of the wheel-rail friction coefficient, resulting in increased high-order polygonal wear of wheel treads. However, when the friction coefficient was reduced to 0.2 and below, this vibration tended to stabilize. |
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