张超,黄光伟,王亚娜,陆通,石银冬,郑立允.钕铁硼粉体的表面改性技术及应用研究进展[J].表面技术,2024,53(24):40-53.
ZHANG Chao,HUANG Guangwei,WANG Yana,LU Tong,SHI Yindong,ZHENG Liyun.Progress in Surface Modification Technology and Application of Nd-Fe-B Powder[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(24):40-53 |
| 钕铁硼粉体的表面改性技术及应用研究进展 |
| Progress in Surface Modification Technology and Application of Nd-Fe-B Powder |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-21 修订日期：2024-06-12 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.24.004 |
| 中文关键词: 钕铁硼磁粉 表面改性技术 沉积包覆处理 酸洗活化处理 硅烷偶联剂处理 |
| 英文关键词:s of the 4th Academic Conference of China Rare Earth Society. Beijing:China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House, 2023:51. |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3505600);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(206Z1007G);河北省自然科学基金(E2021402001) |
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| Author | Institution |
| ZHANG Chao | College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei Handan 056038, China;Hebei Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnetic Materials and Application, Hebei Handan 056038, China |
| HUANG Guangwei | College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei Handan 056038, China;Hebei Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnetic Materials and Application, Hebei Handan 056038, China |
| WANG Yana | College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei Handan 056038, China;Hebei Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnetic Materials and Application, Hebei Handan 056038, China |
| LU Tong | College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei Handan 056038, China;Hebei Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnetic Materials and Application, Hebei Handan 056038, China |
| SHI Yindong | College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei Handan 056038, China;Hebei Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnetic Materials and Application, Hebei Handan 056038, China |
| ZHENG Liyun | College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei Handan 056038, China;Hebei Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnetic Materials and Application, Hebei Handan 056038, China;Division of Functional Materials, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 钕铁硼磁体因具有高矫顽力、高剩磁、高磁能积等优异磁性能被广泛应用于新能源汽车、风力发电、航空航天等领域，但由于钕铁硼磁体的温度稳定性差、易氧化腐蚀、电阻率低等缺点，限制了其应用推广。在块体钕铁硼磁体制备前对钕铁硼磁粉进行表面改性是克服钕铁硼磁体自身缺点的有效途径。然而，目前对钕铁硼磁粉表面改性工作的研究比较零散，缺乏系统的总结。基于此，对钕铁硼磁粉表面改性技术及其研究进展进行全面梳理。首先介绍了烧结钕铁硼磁体、黏结钕铁硼磁体、热压/热变形钕铁硼磁体的制备流程以及不同类型钕铁硼磁粉的制备方法，归纳了沉积包覆处理、酸洗活化钝化处理、硅烷偶联剂处理表面改性的机理。其次，重点阐述了沉积包覆处理、酸洗活化钝化处理、硅烷偶联剂处理表面改性技术对钕铁硼磁体磁性能、抗氧化性、抗腐蚀性以及电阻率的影响，探讨了不同表面改性技术与不同类型钕铁硼磁体性能优化之间的关联。最后，对钕铁硼磁粉表面改性技术进行了总结和展望，提出钕铁硼磁粉表面改性工作未来的发展方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Nd-Fe-B magnets are indispensable components for modern technologies, which are widely used in numerous devices such as electric motors, hybrid vehicles and wind generators due to their high coercivity (Hcj), high remanence (Br) and high maximum magnetic energy product ((BH)max). Although Nd-Fe-B magnet is the most widely used permanent magnetic material at present, it still has many shortcomings, such as poor thermal stability, easy oxidation and corrosion, and low resistivity, which makes the application of Nd-Fe-B magnets limited. The development of bulk Nd-Fe-B magnets is usually based on magnetic powder as a precursor, followed by sintered, hot-pressed/hot-deformed or bonded magnets. The surface modification of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder before the preparation of bulk Nd-Fe-B magnets is an effective means to solve the existing shortcomings of Nd-Fe-B magnets. However, the research on the surface modification of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder is scattered and lacks systematic and detailed summary. Based on this, the work aims to introduce the preparation process of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets, bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets, hot-pressed/hot-deformed Nd-Fe-B magnets and the preparation methods of different types of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powders. The mechanism of surface modification by deposition coating treatment, pickling activation passivation treatment and silane coupling agent treatment was summarized. Deposition coating treatment could form a dense and good protective film on the surface of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder. Pickling activation passivation treatment could activate the surface morphology of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder. Silane coupling agent treatment could form an organic polymer layer on the surface of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder. Secondly, the effects of surface modification techniques such as deposition coating treatment, pickling activation passivation treatment and silane coupling agent treatment on the magnetic properties, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and resistivity of Nd-Fe-B magnets were emphasized. It was pointed out that different surface modification technologies were suitable for different types of Nd-Fe-B magnets. The Nd-Fe-B magnet prepared by Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder obtained by deposition coating treatment had a significant improvement in oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and resistivity. The Nd-Fe-B magnet prepared by Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder obtained by pickling activation passivation treatment had a significant improvement in oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. Compared with deposition coating treatment technology and pickling activation passivation treatment, silane coupling treatment mainly adopted organic silane solution to modify the surface of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder, forming a molecular layer on the surface of magnetic powder, so as to change the surface morphology of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder. The Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder treated with organic silane solution is suitable for bonding Nd-Fe-B magnets, mainly due to the low melting point of the organic polymer layer on the surface of the modified Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder, which is not suitable for high temperature and high pressure molding. Finally, the surface modification technology of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder is summarized and prospected. It is extremely important to explore different surface modification methods and promote practical applications. For example, the development of modifiers with excellent and stable properties, the exploration of modification technology matching with mainstream molding methods, and the customization of magnetic powder surface modification methods corresponding to the specific application of magnets will be the development direction of powder surface modification technology. |
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