林晓辉,孙宇奇,孙国梁,许嘉洺.6061铝合金的印压式微坑阵列制备技术研究[J].表面技术,2024,53(23):180-189.
LIN Xiaohui,SUN Yuqi,SUN Guoliang,XU Jiaming.Preparation Technology of Embossed Micro-pits Array of 6061 Aluminium Alloy[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(23):180-189 |
| 6061铝合金的印压式微坑阵列制备技术研究 |
| Preparation Technology of Embossed Micro-pits Array of 6061 Aluminium Alloy |
| 投稿时间：2023-11-23 修订日期：2024-05-31 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.23.016 |
| 中文关键词: 印压 微坑 力控制 6061铝合金 阵列 摩擦性能 |
| 英文关键词:embossing micro-pits force control 6061 aluminium alloy array friction performance |
| 基金项目:福建省自然科学基金(2021J011200) |
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| Author | Institution |
| LIN Xiaohui | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Fujian Xiamen 361000, China;Xiamen Key Laboratory of Robot Systems and Digital Manufacturing, Fujian Xiamen 361000, China |
| SUN Yuqi | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Fujian Xiamen 361000, China |
| SUN Guoliang | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Fujian Xiamen 361000, China |
| XU Jiaming | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Fujian Xiamen 361000, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 提升6061铝合金的表面耐磨性能，并延长其使用寿命。方法 采用工业机器人辅助的印压式微坑阵列加工技术，利用印压头产生的冲击力效应，在6061铝合金表面形成圆柱形微坑及其阵列。构建电磁式印压制备系统，采集印压力信息，并进行分析。设计印压力迭代学习控制系统，保证印压力输出准确稳定、微坑深度可控，提高微坑阵列制备质量。进行6061铝合金的印压微坑加工实验，探究印压力对微坑形貌的影响，并评价微坑阵列的一致性。进行微坑阵列的销-盘式摩擦实验，探究印压式微坑阵列表面的减摩耐磨性能。结果 微坑表面形貌与深度受到印压力的影响较大，印压力为25~35 N时可获得规则的表面形貌。印压力与微坑深度呈正相关，有效制备深度为50~85 μm。微坑的间距误差主要由工业机器人的定位误差引起。微坑阵列深度误差为3%，直径误差为2%，阵列具有良好的一致性。微坑阵列样品的摩擦因数均小于原始样品的摩擦因数。摩擦因数先随着微坑面积密度的增大而减小，当面积密度达到14%后，摩擦因数有所增大。相对于微坑面积密度，微坑深度对摩擦因数的影响甚微。微坑阵列储油、存储磨粒能够改善试样表面耐磨性能，与原始试样相比，磨痕截面积最大可减少63.4%。结论 印压式制备工艺可高效、绿色、高质量地制备微坑阵列，有效改善了6061铝合金的表面减摩耐磨性能。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to enhance the wear resistance of 6061 aluminum alloy and prolong its service life. The mechanical embossing technique was proposed for micro-pits array fabrication assisted by industrial robot. The cylindrical micro-pits array of 6061 aluminium alloy was embossed by impact effect with carbide tip oscillating in its axial direction at certain frequency. The electromagnetic embossing fabrication system was designed including voice motor, motion control card, signal amplifier, force sensor and industrial robot. The carbide tip was driven by voice motor and the path programming of embossing tracks were controlled by industrial robot. The embossing forces were collected by force sensor and analyzed during the embossing process. In order to improve the quality of micro-pits array, the iterative learning control system of embossing force was designed and the expected output forces were rapidly and accurately responded. Therefore, the embossing force control system could ensure the accurate and stable embossing force and controllable depths of micro-pits. The embossed micro-pits experiment of 6061 aluminium alloy was carried out and embossing force was chosen as key a parameter. Two types of arrays, rectangle and annular, were embossed on the 6061 aluminium alloy specimens. The effect of embossing force on topography of micro-pits was investigated and the consistency of micro-pits array was evaluated. Furthermore, the friction performance of micro-pits array was experimentally studied with a pin-disc-type apparatus and the effect of area density and depth on friction coefficient was investigated. The experimental results showed that the embossing force had great effect on the surface topography and depth of micro-pits. Large embossing force led to bulge and extra marks, while small embossing force caused little deformation. Hence, it was found that intact surface topographies were obtained when 25-35 N embossing force was adopted. The depths of micro-pits were positively associated with embossing force and the effective depths of micro-pits were 50-85 μm. The deviations of interval of micro-pits were mainly caused by positional accuracy of industrial robot. The deviations of depths and diameters of micro-pits were 3% and 2%, respectively, indicating that the micro-pits array had a good consistency. The friction coefficients of specimens with micro-pits array with different area density and depth of micro-pits were all less than those of as-received 6061 aluminum alloy specimens. The friction coefficients decreased with increasing of area density, however, the large area density of micro-pits led to bulge around the embossed micro-pits and the values of surface roughness increased. Thus, the friction coefficients turned to increase when area density reached 14%. The depth of micro-pits had little effect on the friction coefficients compared to area density. The embossing micro-pits were conductive to lubricating oil storage and reduction of friction in sliding contacts, the maximum sectional area of wear marks could be reduced by 63.4%. Based on this, the embossing micro-pits array on 6061 aluminium alloy is a suitable way to enhance the wear resistance. As a result, the mechanical embossing technique is a high-efficiency green process for high-quality micro-pits array fabrication, which additionally results in an enhancement in wear resistance, thus opening up a wide range of potential applications in tribologically loaded surfaces. |
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