徐圣达,曾超,姜涛,李文戈,赵远涛,刘柱.基于润湿理论的多功能超滑表面研究进展[J].表面技术,2024,53(22):35-49.
XU Shengda,ZENG Chao,JIANG Tao,LI Wenge,ZHAO Yuantao,LIU Zhu.Research Progress of Multifunctional Super-slip Surfaces Based on Wetting Theory[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(22):35-49 |
| 基于润湿理论的多功能超滑表面研究进展 |
| Research Progress of Multifunctional Super-slip Surfaces Based on Wetting Theory |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-05 修订日期：2024-03-27 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.22.003 |
| 中文关键词: 超滑表面 润湿理论 制备方法 微/纳米结构 多功能 应用 |
| 英文关键词:super-slippery surfaces wetting theory preparation method micro/nano structures multifunctional applications |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(52072236);上海高水平地方高校创新团队(海事安全与保障)项目 |
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| Author | Institution |
| XU Shengda | Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China |
| ZENG Chao | Zhejiang Yu Tong New Materials Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Taizhou 317500, China |
| JIANG Tao | Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China |
| LI Wenge | Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China |
| ZHAO Yuantao | Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China |
| LIU Zhu | Qingdao Ocean Shipping Mariners College, Shandong Qingdao 266000, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 超滑表面(SLIPS)是一种通过向具有微纳米多孔结构的衬底注入低表面能液体而形成的全憎表面，能够排斥多种液体，具有液滴滑动阻力小、力学性能好、耐高温高压、自清洁、自修复、润滑减摩等特性，在防腐、防污、减阻等领域具有广阔的应用前景。综述了超滑表面的润湿理论，总结了水相和油相在气相下的扩散系数Sow(a)、液滴外部和液滴下方的润湿结构、每种结构单位面积的总界面能、每种结构稳定性的等效判据以及超滑表面存在的12种热力学状态。讨论了超滑表面的制备原则，总结了制备粗糙基底的方法及优缺点。为了制备性能优异稳定的超滑表面，在遵循设计原理的同时，还需充分了解衬底、润滑剂、工作流体和外部气体之间的相互作用。针对多功能超滑表面的特性，综述了其在防腐蚀、防覆冰、防污、减阻、油水分离、水雾收集、生物医学7个领域的应用机理和研究现状。最后，对超滑表面的发展前景进行了展望。未来的超滑表面应朝着制备工艺简单有效、力学性能稳定、多功能化、绿色环保的方向发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Inspired by porcupine, "slippery liquid infused porous surfaces" (SLIPS), also known as "super-slippery surfaces", with a stable continuous lubricant layer has been introduced into a substrate with a micro/nano-porous structure by injecting low-surface-energy lubricants. The surface is capable of repelling a wide range of liquids, with low droplet sliding resistance, good mechanical properties, high temperature and pressure resistance, self-cleaning, lubrication and friction reduction and self-healing properties. SLIPS has a broad application prospect in the field of corrosion and fouling resistance and drag reduction. Firstly, the theory of wetting of super-slippery surfaces was reviewed. The diffusion coefficients of the aqueous and oil phases in the gas phase, the wetting structures outside and underneath the droplets, the total interfacial energy per unit area of each structure, the equivalent criterion for the stability of each structure, and the twelve thermodynamic states on super-slippery surfaces were summarized. It was found that the lubricant film encapsulating the rough substrate was only stable when the substrate was completely wet, otherwise part of the substrate would wet out of the lubricant film. For the super-slippery surface to be in the desired state, the working fluid must form discrete droplets on the super-slippery surface and the lubricant must be well captured in the rough substrate to form an encapsulated state. Then, the preparation principle of super-slippery surface as well as the performance characteristics were reviewed. The methods of preparing rough substrates and their advantages and disadvantages were summarized. The affecting factors of the stability of the super-slippery surface were discussed. In order to prepare super-slippery surfaces with excellent and stable performance, it is necessary to follow the design principles and at the same time fully understand the interactions between the substrate, the lubricant, the working fluid and the external gas. With regard to the characteristics of multifunctional super-slippery surfaces, the application mechanism and research status in six fields, namely, corrosion resistance, anti-icing, anti-fouling, drag reduction, oil-water separation, and water mist collection, are reviewed. The lubrication layer on the super-slippery surface is the key to the action. The lubricant layer has a low coefficient of friction and an extremely low sliding angle, which reduces the adhesion of fouling organisms. It can form a continuous and uniform liquid layer on the surface of the metal substrate, hindering the direct contact between the corrosive medium and the surface of the substrate, inhibiting the transfer of electrons and protecting the metal from corrosion. Stable uniform liquid layer can reduce the nucleation rate of ice in high humidity environment, delay the freezing time and reduce the adhesion strength of ice layer after freezing. Homogeneity attracts and heterogeneity repels. The lubricant layer is attractive to the oil phase and has excellent water repellency. Recirculation and stretching of the lubricant layer trapped between the surface bumps results in a greater slip rate at the interface between the lubricant and the ambient fluid, leading to drag reduction. The surface of the lubricant layer has excellent droplet migration. The liquid condenses and floats on top of the lubricant layer, has good mobility and tends to agglomerate, forming nucleation points. Super-slippery surfaces composed of biodegradable materials and biocompatible lubricants resist biological contamination through fixed and molecularly smooth liquid interfaces. Finally, the prospect of the development of super-slippery surfaces is made. The future super-slippery surfaces should be developed in the direction of simple and effective preparation process, stable mechanical properties, multifunctionality, and green environmental protection. |
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