唐铭艺,王一然,张艺泽,马明.基于高定向热解石墨(HOPG)的电刷针表面修饰技术[J].表面技术,2024,53(21):6-13.
TANG Mingyi,WANG Yiran,ZHANG Yize,MA Ming.Surface Modification Technology of Motor Brush Based on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG)[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(21):6-13 |
| 基于高定向热解石墨(HOPG)的电刷针表面修饰技术 |
| Surface Modification Technology of Motor Brush Based on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-05 修订日期：2024-11-08 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.21.002 |
| 中文关键词: 摩擦磨损 有刷微电机 电弧侵蚀 表面修饰 电刷针 高定向热解石墨 |
| 英文关键词:friction and wear brush micromotor arc erosion surface modification motor brush highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2023YFB4603600) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 旨在应对有刷微电机中的电刷与换向器间的磨损问题，尤其是由电弧侵蚀引发的性能和寿命下降。方法 通过在电刷与换向器的接触界面引入HOPG材料，探索其在抑制电弧侵蚀和改善接触表面磨损方面的效果。重点测试了电刷针在HOPG表面修饰下的磨损行为与失效机制，并与传统材料进行对比。通过载流摩擦磨损试验，模拟实际工况，研究了在引入HOPG前后，换向器和电刷针之间不同的磨损机制，尤其是电弧侵蚀与机械磨损之间的转变。结果 采用HOPG作为表面修饰材料显著减少了电弧侵蚀，使电刷针的失效机制从严重的电弧侵蚀转变为机械磨损，显著改善了电机运行中的磨损状况。HOPG表面表现出了优异的润滑性能，抑制了电刷针与换向器之间的电弧侵蚀现象。相比于传统材料，HOPG修饰的表面在长时间运行后表现出更低的磨损程度，同时保持了良好的电接触性能。结论 基于HOPG的表面修饰技术，为解决有刷微电机中电弧侵蚀引发的磨损问题提供了新的解决方案。通过有效抑制电弧侵蚀，改善了电刷与换向器之间的磨损机制，使电刷针的失效模式从电弧侵蚀转变为机械磨损，具备提高有刷微电机工作寿命的潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In modern industry, frictional consumption accounts for approximately one-third of primary energy. By developing superlubricity surface engineering technology, it is possible to reduce frictional energy loss, and provide strong supports for China to achieve its dual carbon goals. Among them, brush micromotors are widely used in household appliances, robots, and automation equipment due to their simple structure, easy control, and good load characteristics. Currently, the wear between the brush and the commutator has become a bottleneck for the performance and lifespan of brush micromotors. The phenomenon of arc erosion significantly exacerbates the wear during motor operation, leading to a decrease in performance and a reduction in service life of motors. This study, targeting the friction and wear issues between the brush and the commutator in brush micromotors, a motor performance testing system has been established. By exploring the actual working conditions of the motor, the work aims to improve the wear between the brush and commutator during actual operation. This paper proposed a surface modification technology based on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). By optimizing the contact material between the brush and commutator, a scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the failed brush to investigate whether the application of HOPG could improve the wear resistance of the brush. Experimental results show that the application of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite effectively suppresses arc erosion, improves the contact state, and increases the working lifespan of the motor. This paper provides a new solution for enhancing the performance and lifespan of brush micromotors, with significant practical application value and potential for promotion. |
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