吴应东,卢静,孙澄川,陈子斌,谢晖.冷喷涂增材制造技术应用研究进展[J].表面技术,2024,53(16):19-34, 67.
WU Yingdong,LU Jing,SUN Chengchuan,CHEN Zibin,XIE Hui.Progress of the Additive Manufacturing Applications of Cold Spray Technique[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(16):19-34, 67 |
| 冷喷涂增材制造技术应用研究进展 |
| Progress of the Additive Manufacturing Applications of Cold Spray Technique |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-31 修订日期：2023-12-24 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.16.002 |
| 中文关键词: 冷喷涂 增材制造 金属 制造效率 成形质量 喷涂策略 |
| 英文关键词:cold spray additive manufacturing metal manufacturing efficiency forming quality spray strategy |
| 基金项目:国家十四五重点研发计划(2021YFB3702002，2021YFB3702003) |
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| Author | Institution |
| WU Yingdong | Jihua Laboratory, Guangdong Foshan 528200, China;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China |
| LU Jing | Jihua Laboratory, Guangdong Foshan 528200, China |
| SUN Chengchuan | Jihua Laboratory, Guangdong Foshan 528200, China |
| CHEN Zibin | Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China |
| XIE Hui | Jihua Laboratory, Guangdong Foshan 528200, China;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 冷喷涂增材制造(CSAM)技术作为一种新兴的快速增材制造技术，凭借其独特的“气动加速-固态沉积”的工艺特性，以及增材效率高、成形尺寸规模不受限等应用优势，已逐渐成为金属增材制造领域的新热点。通过将CSAM技术与包括选区激光熔化(SLM)、选区电子束熔化(SEBM)、电弧熔丝沉积(WAAM)、激光金属直接成形(LMDF)以及搅拌摩擦增材制造(FSAM)在内的几种典型金属增材制造技术，进行了制造效率及成本、成形尺寸规模、成形精度、产品机械性能及工艺适用材料等方面的分析对比，并总结了CSAM在当下增材制造应用中的优势和不足。基于改善CSAM目前存在成形质量欠佳、复杂结构成形能力不足等问题，重点综述了近年来关于CSAM工艺研究、喷涂部件改良以及喷涂策略创新三方面的相关研究进展。此外，针对CSAM技术现阶段在旋转增材成形、自由增材成形、损伤修复及再制造等方面的具体应用情况进行总结与讨论。最后，提出了CSAM目前面临的挑战和潜在的发展方向并强调了其在快速增材制造方面的应用价值及意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Cold spray additive manufacturing (CSAM) is an emerging rapid additive manufacturing method that distinguishes itself from conventional metal additive manufacturing methods. In CSAM, the temperature during the process remains below the melting point of the material, which minimizes the impact of heat on the metal material, thereby mitigating issues such as oxidation, phase change or crystallization. Due to its distinctive process characteristics, such as the solid-state deposition and the utilization of aerodynamic power as a manufacturing power source, as well as its advantages in terms of high efficiency in additive manufacturing and the ability to create unlimited forming sizes, CSAM has emerged as a prominent focus of interest in the field. The work aims to explore the advantages of CSAM, determine its application orientation and analyze its defects, in order to study improvement methods. Several typical metal additive manufacturing methods, including selective laser melting (SLM), selective electron beam melting (SEBM), wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), laser metal direct forming (LMDF), friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM), and CSAM, were analyzed and compared. The analysis focused on manufacturing efficiency, production cost, forming size, forming precision, product mechanical properties, and process materials. The comparison results indicated that the CSAM demonstrated superior additive efficiency and lower manufacturing cost per unit volume compared to other methods. Additionally, CSAM was applicable to a wider range of materials, thereby enhancing its technological competitiveness in the field of additive manufacturing. However, the forming mechanism of CSAM presented certain challenges, including inadequate forming accuracy and subpar mechanical properties of the products. Therefore, it remained essential to employ appropriate strengthening processes and traditional subtractive manufacturing methods to provide assistance. With the aim of improving the forming quality and enhancing the forming ability of CSAM in complex structures, the recent advancements in the optimization of the CSAM process, the improvement of spraying nozzles, and the innovation of spraying strategies were discussed. The analysis focused on examining the correlation between various parameters of the spray process and both the performance of the spray technique and the quality of the deposition. Additionally, the investigation involved the utilization of miniaturized nozzles to enhance the precision of spraying during the forming process. Furthermore, more systematic forming strategies were employed to enhance the forming capability of CSAM in intricate geometries. At present, numerous scientific institutions and technology companies have demonstrated the viability of CSAM, the current applications of CSAM in rotary additive forming, free additive forming, damage repair, and structural remanufacturing. Furthermore, the crucial role of CSAM in specific applications was analyzed and the potential future application scenarios for CSAM were explored. Following this, the present challenges and potential avenues for development in CSAM were presented, with a particular emphasis on its application value and objectives in the context of rapid additive manufacturing. Currently, there is a growing interest in exploring different additive processes to overcome the limitations of existing additive manufacturing methods and unlock their full potential. Compared to alternative techniques, cold spray has emerged as a highly promising approach for metal additive manufacturing, primarily due to its exceptional additive efficiency and low-temperature processing capabilities. However, there are still certain deficiencies in forming accuracy and mechanical characteristics. In the foreseeable future, once the pertinent issues are resolved, the industrial implementation of CSAM is poised to be achieved. |
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