宋琦,王优强,竺俊杰,马金月,徐莹,娄元豪.固液两相流体属性对滚针轴承润滑与承载特性的影响[J].表面技术,2024,53(15):77-87, 108.
SONG Qi,WANG Youqiang,ZHU Junjie,MA Jinyue,XU Ying,LOU Yuanhao.Influence of Solid Liquid Two Phase Fluid Properties on Lubrication and Load Carrying Characteristics of Needle Roller Bearings[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(15):77-87, 108 |
| 固液两相流体属性对滚针轴承润滑与承载特性的影响 |
| Influence of Solid Liquid Two Phase Fluid Properties on Lubrication and Load Carrying Characteristics of Needle Roller Bearings |
| 投稿时间：2023-08-19 修订日期：2023-10-31 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.15.007 |
| 中文关键词: 滚针轴承 两相流体 颗粒承载 弹塑性变形 接触摩擦 表面点蚀 |
| 英文关键词:needle roller bearing two-phase fluid particle loading elasto-plastic deformation contact friction surface pitting |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51575289);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021ME063) |
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| Author | Institution |
| SONG Qi | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
| WANG Youqiang | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China ;Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
| ZHU Junjie | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
| MA Jinyue | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
| XU Ying | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
| LOU Yuanhao | School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shandong Qingdao 266520, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探究线接触滚针轴承润滑剂中颗粒对润滑特性的影响，为提高滚针轴承的润滑性能提供数据参考。方法 建立两相流润滑模型及两相流中含有的颗粒变形承载数学模型。其中，颗粒变形承载模型基于变形连续性假设，综合考虑在弹性变形、弹塑性变形和完全塑性变形3个阶段下颗粒的变形承载力，研究不同尺寸、质量分数和密度对颗粒承载量和两相流体润滑特性的影响。结果 润滑油中含有颗粒时，颗粒会承担部分外载荷，但承载量相较于油膜承担的载荷量较少。在相同的变速条件下，颗粒尺寸越大，会因产生较大的尺寸变形而增大颗粒的承载量，进而降低油膜承载力，增大油膜厚度，0.5 mm的颗粒承担的载荷相较于0.3 mm的颗粒提高了119.2%;颗粒密度的减小和质量分数的增大均会增大两相流中颗粒的数量，进而提高两相流中颗粒的承载量，质量分数为10%颗粒的承载量相比于质量分数为2%颗粒增大了251.8%，密度为3´103 kg/m3的颗粒相较于密度为7´103 kg/m3的颗粒的承载量增大了86.9%。承载颗粒会因接触表面变形而产生接触摩擦力，且接触摩擦力远大于油润滑产生的摩擦力，该摩擦力对系统产生的负效应远大于颗粒承载产生的正效应。结论 润滑油中颗粒的存在会改变其润滑性能，颗粒与轴承表面的接触摩擦会导致接触表面出现点蚀等现象，进而降低轴承的使用寿命，应尽量避免润滑油中含有尺寸较大、数量较多的杂质颗粒。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The rolling pair inevitably produces abrasive particles mixed with lubricating oil due to friction and wear during the working process, and can also cause dust and sediment impurities in the working environment, and thus pollute the lubricant due to sealing reasons. Needle roller bearings are mostly designed as an open structure type, which greatly increases the possibility of pollutants entering the lubricating oil. When solid particle components are mixed into the lubricant, a solid-liquid two-phase fluid is formed, and the lubrication performance is correspondingly changed compared with oil lubrication. Considering the influence of centrifugal force during the operation of needle roller bearings, a special case of infinite linear contact between the bearing needle and the raceway of the bearing was studied. Firstly, the lubrication medium was regarded as a solid-liquid two-phase, and mathematical models of particle compression deformation and needle bearing lubrication were established. Based on the assumption of deformation continuity, the model conducted a contact mechanics analysis for individual particles. The contact equation of elastic-plastic deformation was fitted using the template function, and the bearing capacity of single particle at different deformation stages was solved. And through the calculation method of lubricating medium mass concentration, the aggregate amount of particles could be calculated to gain the aggregate bearing capacity of particles in the lubricating medium. Secondly, lubrication numerical calculation was carried out. The Reynolds equation, oil film thickness equation and energy equation were calculated by the multiple grid method and other methods to gain the lubrication parameters of the bearing system. The system's force was calculated through dynamic equations to maintain stable calculation results. Finally, the influences of different particle sizes, mass fractions, and densities on particle loading capacity and oil film lubrication characteristics were studied. When the oil contained particles, the particles would bear part of the external load, but the bearing capacity was less than the load borne by the oil film. Under the same variable speed condition, the larger the particle size, the larger the size deformation, the larger the particle bearing capacity, the lower the oil film bearing capacity, and the larger the oil film thickness. The load borne by 0.5 mm particles was 119.2% higher than that of 0.3 mm particles. However, both the decrease of particle density and the increase of mass concentration would increase the number of particles in the two-phase flow and increase the carrying capacity of particles in the two-phase flow. The carrying capacity of 10% mass concentration particles increased by 251.8% compared with 2% mass concentration particles. The carrying capacity of 3´103 kg/m3 density particles was 86.9% higher than that of 7´103 kg/m3 density particles. The bearing particles would produce contact friction due to the deformation of the contact surface, and the contact friction would be much greater than the friction generated by oil lubrication, and the negative effect of this friction on the system was much greater than the positive effect of the bearing particles. The presence of particles in the lubricating oil will change its lubrication performance, and the contact friction between particles and the bearing surface will lead to pitting and other phenomena on the contact surface, thus reducing the service life of the bearing. So lubricating oil containing large size and a large number of impurity particles should be avoided as much as possible. |
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