张家阅,马冠水,王开杭,李淑钰,李昊,陈嫦颖,王振玉,汪爱英.PEMFCs金属极板表面改性MAX相涂层的制备与应用研究进展[J].表面技术,2024,53(15):1-20, 33.
ZHANG Jiayue,MA Guanshui,WANG Kaihang,LI Shuyu,LI Hao,CHEN Changying,WANG Zhenyu,WANG Aiying.Research Progress on Synthesis and Applications of MAX Phase Coatings for Metal Bipolar Plates in PEMFCs[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(15):1-20, 33 |
| PEMFCs金属极板表面改性MAX相涂层的制备与应用研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Synthesis and Applications of MAX Phase Coatings for Metal Bipolar Plates in PEMFCs |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-09 修订日期：2024-01-31 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.15.001 |
| 中文关键词: 质子交换膜燃料电池 金属双极板 MAX相涂层 导电性能 耐腐蚀性能 |
| 英文关键词:proton exchange membrane fuel cells metal bipolar plates MAX phase coating conductivity corrosion resistance |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目资助(52025014);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LD24E010003);宁波市自然科学基金(2023J410) |
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| Author | Institution |
| ZHANG Jiayue | School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Ningbo 315211, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Ningbo 315201, China |
| MA Guanshui | Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Ningbo 315201, China |
| WANG Kaihang | Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Ningbo 315201, China |
| LI Shuyu | Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Ningbo 315201, China |
| LI Hao | Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Ningbo 315201, China |
| CHEN Changying | School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Ningbo 315211, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Ningbo 315201, China |
| WANG Zhenyu | Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Ningbo 315201, China |
| WANG Aiying | Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Ningbo 315201, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 金属双极板是质子交换膜燃料电池系统的关键组件，但在酸性环境中易腐蚀、导电性能退化、寿命短。Mn+1AXn(MAX)相涂层作为具备金属高导电性和陶瓷耐蚀抗氧化性的材料，在改性金属双极板涂层研究中备受关注。综述了金属双极板表面防护MAX相涂层材料与应用技术的最新研究进展。MAX相涂层的制备方法多样，包括化学气相沉积、物理气相沉积、固相反应和喷涂制备等方法。针对不同的制备方法，详细描述了MAX相涂层的制备过程，并阐述了不同制备方法对MAX相涂层材料的表面形貌和微观结构间的影响变化。特别关注了MAX相涂层在质子交换膜燃料电池中的应用，并重点分析了以Ti-Al-C、Ti-Si-C和Cr-Al-C为代表的MAX相涂层。通过电化学腐蚀测试来测量涂层在酸性环境中的腐蚀速率，以及涂层腐蚀前后的界面接触电阻测试，对涂层导电耐蚀性能的变化等进行了详细阐述。同时，对MAX相涂层的导电耐蚀机制及表/界面服役损伤机理进行了深入分析。从涂层的元素组成、晶体结构和第一性原理等方面，揭示了涂层中元素分布和相互作用对导电性能的影响。此外，还分析了晶化程度、钝化膜成分差异和原子取向等因素对涂层耐蚀性能的影响。最后，围绕目前双极板表面MAX相涂层在实际应用中存在的问题进行了探讨，并提出了未来研究的重点方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Among the various fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been widely used because of their high efficiency, zero emission and environmental protection. Metal bipolar plates play an important role in electronic connection, backbone for membrane electrode assembly, water management transmission and gas flow channels in the PEMFCs. However, the dissolution and corrosion of the metal bipolar plates are inevitable under high temperature and acidic conditions. Recently, the surface coating technology has been identified as one of the promising and facile strategy to enhance the protective functions for various metal bipolar plates. At present, various coatings have been developed to modify the electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance of bipolar plates (BPs), including noble metal coatings, carbon-based coatings, metal nitride coatings, conductive polymer coatings and Mn+1AXn (MAX) phase coatings. The work aims to review the research progress on fabrication and applications of MAX phase coating for surface modification of metal bipolar plates. Different from the traditional transition metal nitrogen/carbide coating, MAX phases are a new class of ternary nanolaminate materials with hexagonal lattice structure, in which M presents an early transition metal, A is mainly from group A, and X is carbon or nitrogen. Benefiting from their unique layered structure and strongly controlled covalent, ionic and metallic bonding characteristics, MAX phases possess the unique characteristics of metal and ceramic materials, such as good electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, etc. Currently, considerable pioneering studies have been carried out on the preparation techniques, structural characterizations as well as the industrial applications for MAX phase coatings in surface engineering. Therefore, different methods evolving with chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, solid-phase reaction and thermal spraying were introduced for synthesis of MAX phase coatings. Based on these deposition methods, a detailed description of the preparation process for MAX phase coatings was provided, along with an elucidation of the varying effects of different preparation methods on the surface morphology and microstructure of MAX phase coating materials.Especially, physical vapor deposition was a commonly method used for preparing MAX phase coatings. The deposition temperature of physical vapor deposition was relatively low, and the equipment was simple, which could realize the large-area preparation of MAX phase coatings. Subsequently, the corrosion rate of MAX phase coatings was measured through electrochemical corrosion tests under the stimulated acid environments emulating harsh PEMFC systems, and the interface contact resistance before and after corrosion of MAX phase coatings was evaluated. A detailed elucidation was provided on the variations in the conductivity and corrosion resistance properties of MAX phase coatings, including Ti-Al-C, Ti-Si-C, and Cr-Al-C. Furthermore, intensive efforts were conducted on the failure mechanisms of MAX phase coatings, considering aspects such as the elemental composition, crystal structure, first-principle theory, degree of crystallization, differences in passive film composition, and atomic orientation. Finally, due to the unique crystal structure limitations of MAX phase materials, achieving high-quality MAX phase coatings preparation at moderate temperatures (<600 ℃) remains challenging, and there is a need to further enhance the adhesion strength between the coating and the substrate. Comprehensive performance evaluations and stable engineering applications research on assembled bipolar plates have not been carried out yet, indicating the necessity for further investigation in these areas. |
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