刘雨薇,吴霞,陈纪云,靳爽,李淳,孙园植.钛合金摩擦磨损性能及减磨方法研究进展[J].表面技术,2024,53(12):1-21.
LIU Yuwei,WU Xia,CHEN Jiyun,JIN Shuang,LI Chun,SUN Yuanzhi.Research Progress on Friction and Wear Properties of Titanium Alloys and Wear Reduction Methods[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(12):1-21 |
| 钛合金摩擦磨损性能及减磨方法研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Friction and Wear Properties of Titanium Alloys and Wear Reduction Methods |
| 投稿时间：2023-06-25 修订日期：2023-09-25 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.12.001 |
| 中文关键词: 钛合金 摩擦层 磨屑 摩擦氧化物 摩擦磨损机理 耐磨减摩 表面处理 |
| 英文关键词:titanium alloy friction layer wear debris friction oxide friction and wear mechanism wear resistance and reduction surface treatment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52105232);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2022YQJD04) |
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| Author | Institution |
| LIU Yuwei | School of Mechanical Electronic & Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
| WU Xia | School of Mechanical Electronic & Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
| CHEN Jiyun | School of Mechanical Electronic & Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
| JIN Shuang | School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China |
| LI Chun | School of Mechanical Electronic & Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
| SUN Yuanzhi | School of Mechanical Electronic & Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 钛合金具有比强度高、抗腐蚀性强、耐高温以及生物相容性好等优点，在汽车制造、生物医疗等众多领域具有重要应用。但钛合金的摩擦磨损性能较差，会影响机械系统的使用寿命和可靠性。首先论述了摩擦磨损过程中摩擦层的形成过程以及摩擦层对钛合金磨损机理的作用，分析了润滑条件、环境温度、滑动速度、载荷等工况条件对钛合金摩擦磨损性能的影响规律。其次，对比总结了钛合金减磨的常见工艺方法及优缺点，指出了当前钛合金磨损机理研究和性能改善方面存在的问题。最后，对今后的研究工作进行了展望:将实验与仿真相结合，阐明钛合金摩擦层和磨损机理的动态变化规律;考虑各种环境因素对钛合金磨损机理的影响，完善钛合金磨损机制图;通过对多种技术协同配合时的工艺参数进行优化，促进钛合金表面强化复合技术的发展，从而提升钛合金的耐磨减摩性能。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Titanium alloys offer numerous advantages, such as high specific strength, robust corrosion resistance, excellent temperature resistance, and favorable biocompatibility. Consequently, they have significant applications in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, biomedicine, and other fields. However, the poor friction and wear properties of titanium alloys can adversely affect the service life and reliability of mechanical systems. The work aims to explore the formation and role of friction layers in titanium alloys during friction and wear, as well as their effect on the wear mechanism of titanium alloys. The effects of wear debris and friction oxides were discussed separately, considering the composition of the friction layer. Wear debris represented the initial state of the friction layer, while friction oxide served as an important indicator of the protective effect of the friction layer. The size of the wear debris and the content of friction oxide significantly affected the friction layer. Additionally, the effects of ambient temperature, sliding speed, and load on the friction and wear properties of titanium alloys were analyzed. By considering the friction coefficient, wear rate, and wear pattern, the mechanism through which external factors affected titanium alloys was comprehensively examined. The sliding speed primarily affected the generation of the friction layer. When the sliding speed was low, the friction layer formed on the titanium alloy surface was a mechanical layer with no protective effect. Under such conditions, the main wear mechanisms of titanium alloys were abrasive wear and adhesive wear. Conversely, at high sliding speed, the frictional heat softened both the surface layer of the substrate and the opposing grinding material, resulting in a reduction in the friction coefficient and the formation of a protective oxide friction layer. Oxidative wear became the main wear mechanism of titanium alloys in this case. The load mainly affected the degree of plastic deformation of the matrix. Under low load conditions, the plastic deformation and shear force increased on the surface of the titanium alloy as the load increased. During this period, the friction layer did not provide protection, and the wear rate and friction coefficient exhibited a decreasing-then-increasing trend. Under high load conditions, a protective friction layer formed on the surface of the titanium alloy, which mitigated surface shear force, reduced the friction coefficient, and increased surface hardness. The wear rate decreased as the load increased. Moreover, when the temperature exceeded 600 ℃, the abundance of friction oxide increased hardness and reduced the wear rate. The effect of external environmental conditions on the friction and wear properties of titanium alloys was closely associated with the plastic deformation and thermal softening degree of the friction oxide layer and the matrix. The common methods for reducing wear in titanium alloys were summarized, including heat treatment, surface coating, surface texturing, solid lubrication, and composite treatments. The technologies such as solid solution aging treatment, plasma metallurgy, micro-arc oxidation, laser cladding, and laser surface texturing were introduced. A comparison was made between the advantages and disadvantages of these different technologies, with an emphasis on the effectiveness of composite treatment technologies in combining various methods. The combination of different treatment methods could significantly enhance the performance of titanium alloys. Finally, the current issues in titanium alloy wear research and performance improvement were identified. It is suggested that future research directions should focus on the integration of experiments and simulations to elucidate the dynamic changes in titanium alloy friction layers and wear mechanisms. The effect of various environmental factors on the wear mechanism of titanium alloys should also be considered. It is proposed to optimize the coating technologies and lubrication technologies. The development of titanium alloy surface strengthening composite technology, as well as the optimization of various process parameters, is recommended to improve process performance, achieve enhanced wear resistance, and reduce friction. These efforts are expected to provide valuable references for the widespread application of titanium alloys. |
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