吕震北,彭文海,潘文涛,薛伟,彭德连,王春笋.高性能凹凸棒土-聚四氟乙烯分离膜的制备工艺及其研究[J].表面技术,2024,53(10):230-242.
LYU Zhenbei,PENG Wenhai,PAN Wentao,XUE Wei,PENG Delian,WANG Chunsun.Preparation and Study of High Performance Attapulgite-polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(10):230-242 |
| 高性能凹凸棒土-聚四氟乙烯分离膜的制备工艺及其研究 |
| Preparation and Study of High Performance Attapulgite-polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-24 修订日期：2023-09-26 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.10.019 |
| 中文关键词: 凹凸棒土 聚四氟乙烯 微纳结构 超疏水性能 油水分离 |
| 英文关键词:attapulgite polytetrafluoroethylene micro-nanostructure superhydrophobicity oil-water separation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(11975002);温州市科协服务科技创新项目(jczc74) |
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| Author | Institution |
| LYU Zhenbei | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325035, China |
| PENG Wenhai | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325035, China ;International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Laser processing Robot, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang Wenzhou 325035, China;Wenxiong Holdings Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Wenzhou 325024, China |
| PAN Wentao | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325035, China |
| XUE Wei | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325035, China ;International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Laser processing Robot, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang Wenzhou 325035, China |
| PENG Delian | Wenxiong Holdings Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Wenzhou 325024, China |
| WANG Chunsun | Wenxiong Holdings Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Wenzhou 325024, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 由于工业含油废水的日益增多和溢油事故的频发，高性能分离膜的制备研究受到了极大的关注。有特殊表面润湿性的膜由于其分离效果好，在油水分离的实际应用中被广泛应用。然而，实际要获得有特殊表面润湿性的膜不仅制备过程复杂，而且成本高昂。制备有特殊润湿性表面的方法通常为2步，先构造分级粗糙表面，然后用低表面能材料对表面进行化学修饰。方法 提出了一种简单、低成本、高效的方法，通过皮秒激光在聚四氟乙烯上打孔，然后喷涂凹凸棒土来制备高性能的凹凸棒土-聚四氟乙烯油水分离膜。结果 制得凹凸棒土-聚四氟乙烯分离膜，由于聚四氟乙烯本身就具有疏水性，再经过打孔、喷涂工艺的叠加，其表面形成了独特且粗糙的微纳结构，测试的样品中接触角均在150°以上，具有超疏水特性。在油水分离过程中，薄膜的微孔直径小于200 μm时，其油水分离效率均在98.0%以上。更重要的是，所制备的膜的分离效率在严重磨损或40次分离循环后没有明显变化，其分离效率仍在96.0%以上，并且在强酸强碱等腐蚀介质中浸泡24 h后，依然具有良好的润湿性能和油水分离性能，表明该膜具有良好的耐用性和稳定性，为快速制备高性能分离膜提供了新的途径。结论 制备的超疏水凹凸棒土-聚四氟乙烯膜具有优异的性能，可在实际过程中广泛应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Due to the increase of industrial oily wastewater and frequent oil spill accidents, the preparation of high-performance separation membrane has received great attention. Recently, the membrane with special surface wettability has been widely used in the practical application of oil-water separation because of its good separation effect. However, in practice, the preparation process of the membrane with special surface wettability is not only complex, but also costly, and the oil-water separation performance of the membrane is poor. The preparation methods of most oil-water separation membranes are usually two steps:construct a graded rough surface, and then chemically modify the surface with low surface energy materials, which is tedious and time-consuming, and the use of a large number of chemical reagents may cause secondary pollution and other side effects. Here, the work proposes a simple, low-cost and efficient method. First, the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is punched by laser, and then the attapulgite is modified with octadecyl trichlorosilane to prepare hydrophobic attapulgite. In order to increase the adhesion between attapulgite and polytetrafluoroethylene substrate, waterborne polyurethane is usually added, and the prepared attapulgite- polytetrafluoroethylene membrane has superhydrophobic properties. It has good oil-water separation function. That is, the high performance attapulgite-polytetrafluoroethylene separation membrane is prepared by spraying attapulgite after piercing PTFE by picosecond laser. The results show that the prepared attapulgite-polytetrafluoroethylene separation membrane has hydrophobicity, and its surface forms a unique and rough micro-nano structure through the superposition of drilling and spraying technology. The contact angles in the tested samples are all above 150°and have superhydrophobic properties. This superhydrophobic characteristic is mainly caused by the superposition of dense micropore structure and micro-nanometer protruding rough structure of the sprayed membrane. In addition, in order to verify the performance of the separation membrane, the invasion pressure of water is introduced. Because the membrane is not sprayed with attapulgite, water flows through the membrane into the glass bottle, indicating that the membrane does not have the resistance to water. However, after spraying attapulgite, the water is blocked in the upper glass tube and maintains a certain height, and the maximum water height that the membrane can bear is about 15.6 cm. It can be calculated from the formula that the invasion pressure after spraying is about 1.5 kPa. The reason for the above two phenomena is that the surface roughness of the membrane is different, resulting in different hydrophobic properties, so that the membrane has different resistance to water. In the process of oil-water separation, when the micropore diameter of the membrane is less than 200 μm, the oil-water separation efficiency is more than 98.0%. More importantly, the separation efficiency of the prepared membrane does not change significantly after severe wear or 40 separation cycles, and the separation efficiency is still above 96.0%, and it still has good wetting performance and oil-water separation performance after being soaked in corrosive media such as strong acid and alkali for 24 hours, indicating that the membrane has good durability and stability. These works provide a new way for us to quickly prepare high performance separation membranes. The superhydrophobic APT-PTFE membrane prepared in this paper can be widely used in practical process because of its excellent performance. |
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