刘超,余忠杰,王泰源,冶孟琦,王青华.激光-热处理复合工艺制备油水分离表面及性能研究[J].表面技术,2024,53(10):216-229.
LIU Chao,YU Zhongjie,WANG Taiyuan,YE Mengqi,WANG Qinghua.Fabrication and Properties of Oil-water Separation Surface by Laser-heat Hybrid Treatment[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(10):216-229 |
| 激光-热处理复合工艺制备油水分离表面及性能研究 |
| Fabrication and Properties of Oil-water Separation Surface by Laser-heat Hybrid Treatment |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-29 修订日期：2023-09-25 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.10.018 |
| 中文关键词: 激光加工 泡沫铜 微纳结构 超疏水超亲油表面 油水分离 |
| 英文关键词:laser processing copper foam micro/nanostructures superhydrophobic/superoleophilic surface oil-water separation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52105175);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20210235);江苏省双创博士资助项目(JSSCBS20210121);南京市留学人员科技创新择优资助项目(1102002310);东南大学至善青年学者项目(2242024RCB0035) |
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| Author | Institution |
| LIU Chao | School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China |
| YU Zhongjie | School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China |
| WANG Taiyuan | School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China |
| YE Mengqi | School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China |
| WANG Qinghua | School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Nanjing 211189, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研发一种高效、低成本的激光-热处理复合工艺，制备具有油水分离性能的泡沫铜表面，为石油污染的净化提供一种有效的参考方法。方法 首先利用纳秒激光在泡沫铜表面上诱导出多级微纳米结构，然后将泡沫铜放入低温烘箱中加热处理，通过调控激光参数和热处理相互作用制备出了超疏水超亲油泡沫铜表面，并使用扫描电子显微镜、光电子能谱仪和接触角测量仪，对激光加工前后泡沫铜表面的微纳结构、表面化学元素组成和油水在表面的润湿性进行了表征。结果 泡沫铜表面经纳秒激光加工后诱导生成的多级微纳结构受到包括激光扫描速率、激光加工功率和扫描间距等激光加工参数的显著影响。同时，配合低温热处理工艺，激光制备泡沫铜表面的化学成分快速转变，表面能显著降低，使得泡沫铜表面获得了超疏水超亲油的润湿特性。本工作制备的泡沫铜表面在空气中的最大水接触角为158.5°，油接触角为0°。并利用油水分离试验装置验证了激光-热处理复合工艺制备的超疏水超亲油泡沫铜表面可以使油和水选择性通过，分离效率超过90%。结论 激光-热处理复合工艺制备的具有多级微纳结构的泡沫铜表面具备优异的超疏水超亲油特性，展现出了良好的油水分离性能，有望实现海洋生态中石油污染的净化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to fabricate superhydrophobic/superoleophilic copper foam surface with excellent oil-water separation performance by efficient and low-cost laser-heat hybrid treatment, which provides an effective reference method for oil pollution purification in marine ecology. Firstly, the copper foams were dried with nitrogen after ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface contaminants. A nanosecond laser beam was then used to induce hierarchical micro/nanostructures on the copper foam surfaces. The laser textured samples were then heated in a heating chamber at 200 ℃ for 100-120 min. The copper foam surfaces prepared by laser-heat hybrid treatment showed excellent superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity under a certain range of laser parameters. The surface topography, chemical composition and surface wettability of the copper foam surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) and contact angle goniometer. The oil-water separation effect of copper foam surfaces was measured by a self-designed oil-water separation experimental device. The experimental results indicated that the rough micro/nanostructures of copper foam surfaces were significantly affected by laser processing parameters, including laser scanning speed, laser power and line spacing. Under the laser power of 15 W, the scanning speed of 200 mm/s and the line spacing of 0.02 mm, the copper foam surfaces retained complete skeleton structure. It was also found that the micro/nano particles of higher density were attached to the skeleton. Herein, the copper foam surfaces exhibited the best superhydrophobic/superoleophilic performance. At the same time, the chemical composition on the surfaces of laser-heat treated copper foam changed rapidly under different processes. After laser texturing, the copper foam surfaces were oxidized obviously. Polar hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the air were deposited onto the surface, which rendered the surface superhydrophilicity/superoleophilicity. The content of C element on the copper foam surfaces increased after laser-heat hybrid treatment. Non-polar carbon-containing hydrophobic groups such as alkyl in the air were deposited onto the surface. The surface energy was significantly reduced, and the copper foam surfaces showed superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity. With the combined effects of surface structure and surface chemistry, the wettability of copper foam surfaces changed from hydrophobicity to superhydrophobicity without changing the superoleophilicity of the surface. The maximum water contact angle was 158.5°, and the oil contact angle remained constant as 0° on the copper foam surfaces fabricated in this work. Oil-water separation experiments indicated that the oil and water could selectively pass through the superhydrophobic/superoleophilic copper foam surfaces prepared by the laser-heat hybrid treatment. Therefore, when the superhydrophobic/superoleophilic copper foam surfaces contacted with the oil and water mixture, the oil and water could be effectively separated and the separation efficiency could reach more than 90%. In summary, the copper foam surfaces with hierarchical micro/nanostructures fabricated by the laser-heat hybrid treatment shows distinct superhydrophobicity/ superoleophilicity and superior oil-water separation performance. Meanwhile, the laser-heat hybrid treatment method is simple, efficient, feasible, and environmentally friendly, and has strong potential to realize large-scale industrial production. It can also provide useful insights for solving the purification problem of oil pollution in marine ecology. |
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