冯博玄,谭晋韵,裴佳,袁广银.可降解锌基骨植入材料及其表面改性研究进展[J].表面技术,2024,53(2):1-14.
FENG Boxuan,TAN Jinyun,PEI Jia,YUAN Guangyin.Research Progress of Biodegradable Zinc-based Orthopedic Implant Materials and Their Surface Modification[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(2):1-14
可降解锌基骨植入材料及其表面改性研究进展
Research Progress of Biodegradable Zinc-based Orthopedic Implant Materials and Their Surface Modification
投稿时间:2023-01-04  修订日期:2023-02-25
DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.02.001
中文关键词:  可降解医用锌  骨植入材料  生物相容性  降解行为  表面改性
英文关键词:biodegradable zinc  bone implant material  biocompatibility  degradation behavior  surface modification
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52130104,51971141);科技部重点研发专项(2021YFE0204900,2018YFE0115400)
作者单位
冯博玄 上海交通大学 轻合金精密成型国家工程研究中心和金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海 200240 
谭晋韵 复旦大学附属华山医院,上海 200040 
裴佳 上海交通大学 轻合金精密成型国家工程研究中心和金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海 200240 
袁广银 上海交通大学 轻合金精密成型国家工程研究中心和金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海 200240 
AuthorInstitution
FENG Boxuan National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 
TAN Jinyun Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China 
PEI Jia National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 
YUAN Guangyin National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 
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中文摘要:
      医用锌及锌合金有望成为新一代可降解骨植入物材料来促进骨缺损的修复。概述了可降解医用锌基材料的优势,包括较好的生物安全性和抗菌效果、能促进植入部位周围血管和新骨的生成以及骨相关基因的表达能力。在此基础上,从基底材料、细胞种类及实验结果等方面系统总结了近年来关于可降解医用锌基材料生物相容性和降解行为的研究。同时,归纳了可降解医用锌在临床修复骨缺损方面所面临的主要问题和挑战,包括较差的力学性能和较强的细胞毒性。可降解医用锌较差的力学性能可以通过合金化进行改善,概述了多种新型医用锌合金的力学性能及其生物相容性。表面改性是提高可降解医用锌基表面生物相容性和调控降解的有效手段。从基底样品、表面改性手段、使用的细胞或动物模型以及细胞相容性和降解行为等方面,综述了近年来可降解锌基骨植入材料表面改性的研究现状,提出了可降解锌基骨植入材料表面改性目前所面临的难点问题,包括传统表面改性手段加剧了锌离子的释放或在表面改性后可降解医用锌的生物相容性改善功效不足,以及未来的发展方向。
英文摘要:
      In recent years, biodegradable metals, represented by magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe), have received extensive attention from the biomedical and materials fields both domestically and internationally. This article outlined the requirements for ideal bone implant materials, and the advantages of biodegradable metals over other biodegradable materials, including mechanical performance, degradation performance, and biocompatibility. In addition, the degradation mechanism of biodegradable metal materials was summarized. Among them, Mg had been extensively investigated, but its rapid degradation rate lead to compromised mechanical properties and uncontrolled hydrogen evolution. Conversely, the degradation rate of Fe was notably sluggish, approaching that of non-degradable materials. Zn and Zn alloys, due to their moderate degradation rate, good mechanical properties, and biological safety, were expected to become a new generation of biodegradable bone implant materials to promote bone defect repair. This article summarized the advantages of biodegradable Zn-based materials, including biological safety, antibacterial effects, and the ability to promote the generation of blood vessels and new bone around the implant site, as well as to promote the expression of bone-related genes. Based on this, recent research on the biocompatibility and degradation behavior of biodegradable Zn-based materials was systematically summarized from the aspects of substrate materials, cell types, and experimental results. At the same time, the main problems and challenges faced by the clinical application of biodegradable Zn for repairing bone defects were summarized, including poor mechanical properties and strong cytotoxicity. The poor mechanical properties of biodegradable Zn could be improved through alloying. This article outlined the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of various new medical Zn alloys. The potent cytotoxicity of biodegradable Zn used in medical applications arose from the local accumulation of Zn2+ ion generated during degradation. Zn2+ ion was reported to exhibit biphasic effect on cells. The low concentration of Zn2+ ion could promote the cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. In contrast, the local high concentration of Zn2+ ion resulted from the rapid degradation rate of Zn implants at the initial stage of implantation, and some degradation products such as ZnO and Zn(OH)2 with poor biocompatibility always lead to cytotoxicity and inflammation surrounding the Zn implants, further delaying the regeneration and repair of bone defects. Zn still exhibited slight cytotoxicity after alloying, and surface modification was an effective means to improve the surface biocompatibility and regulate degradation of biodegradable Zn. This article reviewed the current research status of surface modification of biodegradable Zn-based bone implant materials from the aspects of substrate samples, surface modification methods, cell or animal models used, and cell compatibility and degradation behavior, and proposed the current difficulties and future development directions of surface modification of biodegradable Zn-based bone implant materials. Surface modification of biodegradable Zn is still nascent, and there are scarce relevant studies with restricted advancement in the biocompatibility of biodegradable Zn. Traditional surface modification methods have increased the release of Zn2+ ion, resulting in higher cytotoxicity. Alternatively, the efficacy of improving the biocompatibility of biodegradable Zn through surface modification has been insufficient. The future research direction of biodegradable Zn-based materials should focus more on surface modification methods such as phosphate and its composite coatings, as well as biodegradable polymer coatings.
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