邓亚玲,李于文成,许煜,于波,汤晴欣,高陈宏,王宇鑫.聚乙烯表面接枝改性及应用的研究进展[J].表面技术,2023,52(9):108-124.
DENG Ya-ling,LI Yu-wen-cheng,XU Yu,YU Bo,TANG Qing-xin,GAO Chen-hong,WANG Yu-xin.Research Advance in Application of Surface Grafting Modification of Polyethylene[J].Surface Technology,2023,52(9):108-124 |
| 聚乙烯表面接枝改性及应用的研究进展 |
| Research Advance in Application of Surface Grafting Modification of Polyethylene |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-07 修订日期：2022-11-09 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.09.008 |
| 中文关键词: 聚乙烯 接枝 表面改性 紫外光辐照 等离子体接枝 γ射线辐照接枝 |
| 英文关键词:polyethylene grafting surface modification UV irradiation plasma grafting γ ray irradiation grafting |
| 基金项目:江苏省自然科学基金(BK20200791);金陵科技学院高层次人才科研启动基金(Jit-b-202052);金陵科技学院2021年校级科教融合项目(2021KJRH10);河南科技大学高端轴承摩擦学技术与应用国家地方联合工程实验室开放基金项目(201902) |
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| Author | Institution |
| DENG Ya-ling | College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China |
| LI Yu-wen-cheng | College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China |
| XU Yu | College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China |
| YU Bo | College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China |
| TANG Qing-xin | College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China |
| GAO Chen-hong | College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China |
| WANG Yu-xin | College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 聚乙烯是常用的热塑性工程材料，具有良好的物理化学性能和加工性能，被广泛应用于各个领域。但是其独特的线性分子结构，使得聚乙烯呈现出低表面能、低润湿性、弱粘结等特点，限制了应用的扩展。表面接枝技术，能够在聚乙烯材料表面引入功能基团，改善表面性能进而拓展其功能及应用。本文介绍了用于聚乙烯材料表面接枝改性的常用技术，包括紫外光辐照接枝、电子束辐照接枝、等离子体接枝、高能γ射线辐照接枝和可逆失活自由基聚合等，并详细阐述了每种接枝技术的基本机理。介绍和讨论了接枝改性聚乙烯材料的多种性能，如摩擦学性能、生物相容性、抗菌性、抗冲击性能、离子导电性及其他性能。在此基础上，对改性聚乙烯材料的相关应用领域进行了综述。最后，提出接枝改性聚乙烯研究中存在的问题，并针对其应用前景进行展望。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a polymer formed from ethylene (C2H4), polyethylene is a common thermoplastic engineering material, which has been widely utilized in various fields due to its outstanding physical-chemical and processing properties. However, the polyethylene molecular chain consisting of many ethylene repeat units has a unique linear molecular structure. The characteristics of low surface energy, low wettability, and weak bonding limit the extension of its application. For example, surface hydrophobicity makes it vulnerable to microbial attack. Non-polar characteristics cause the accumulation of water droplets on the surface of the polyethylene greenhouse film, which severely limits the transmittance. Surface grafting technology could introduce the functional groups onto the surface of polyethylene and improve its properties. In this paper, the grafting techniques for polyethylene and the grafting mechanisms were introduced, including UV irradiation grafting, electron beam irradiation grafting, plasma surface grafting, γ ray irradiation grafting, and reversible deactivation radical polymerization. Then, the properties and application of modified polyethylene were introduced and summarized. In terms of prosthesis implantation and its tribological properties, the lubrication mechanism of polyethylene surface grafted polymer brush was explained. The surface grafted polymer brush was similar to the brush structure on the superficial surface of natural articular cartilage, consisting of hyaluronic acid, proteoglycans, and lubricin. For the implant prosthesis with complex geometry, the differences between the grafted polymer layer prepared by UV light irradiation and thermal grafting were compared and analyzed. The thermal grafting method could effectively solve the problem of the non-uniform thickness of graft polymer lubrication layer on complex shape surfaces, which were suitable for mass production. When it came to biocompatibility, the effects of graft modification on polyethylene surface polarity were introduced, and the differences between different grafted polymer molecules in antibacterial fixation were analyzed. The grafted acid polymer molecules could exert a more bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect. In the application field of impact resistance, the failure reason for the impact resistance of polyethylene fiber was analyzed, and the impact resistance mechanism of modified fiber was expounded. Surface-grafted polymer molecules on polyethylene fiber improved the surface roughness, which provided mechanical interlocking sites. This method enhanced mechanical locking strength and interfacial shear strength. In terms of ionic conductivity, the mechanism of grafting modified polyethylene to enhance ionic conductivity, and the relationships between the mobility degree of proton groups and hydration degree, were explained and analyzed. The influence mechanism of the two factors on ionic conductivity was discussed. The grafting rate could be mediated by adjusting the LDPE film thickness, irradiation dose, monomer concentration, and other parameters, which could control the ion exchange capacity. As an agricultural greenhouse film, the anti-fogging mechanism of modified polyethylene shed film was analyzed. By improving the wettability of the shed film, the migration rate of water molecules was accelerated, and the droplet properties of the attached liquid on the shed film surface were prolonged. Surface coating and internal blending were two effective preparation methods for shed films. The application of graft-modified polyethylene in water purification, antibacterial cushion, and other fields was also introduced. Finally, the problems of modified polyethylene in the investigation were pointed out, and the application prospect was also discussed. |
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