庞昊斐,祝锡晶,王璟,袁志伟.温度对超声清洗中空化泡动力学特性的影响[J].表面技术,2016,45(8):150-155.
PANG Hao-fei,ZHU Xi-jing,WANG Jing,YUAN Zhi-wei.Effect of Temperature on the Dynamics of Cavitation Bubble on Ultrasonic Cleaning[J].Surface Technology,2016,45(8):150-155 |
| 温度对超声清洗中空化泡动力学特性的影响 |
| Effect of Temperature on the Dynamics of Cavitation Bubble on Ultrasonic Cleaning |
| 投稿时间：2016-05-10 修订日期：2016-08-20 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2016.08.025 |
| 中文关键词: 超声清洗 温度 空化泡 动力学 数值模拟 膨胀幅值 溃灭时间 |
| 英文关键词:ultrasonic cleaning temperature cavitation bubble dynamics numerical simulation expansion amplitude collapse time |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51275490， 50975265） |
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| Author | Institution |
| PANG Hao-fei | School of Mechanics and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China |
| ZHU Xi-jing | School of Mechanics and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China |
| WANG Jing | School of Mechanics and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China |
| YUAN Zhi-wei | School of Mechanics and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 为了更合理地利用超声清洗中的空化效应。方法 以清洗区单空化泡为研究对象，基于能量守恒原理，建立了空化泡的动力学模型。数值模拟了环境温度、声压幅值、超声频率和超声振幅对清洗区空化泡动力学特性的影响。结果 当温度从0 ℃升高到80 ℃时，空化泡溃灭时间由579.36 μs缩短到181.43 μs。高温下空化泡的膨胀速度更快，50 ℃时空化泡的最大膨胀幅值为51.27，此时空化强度最大。随着声压幅值的增大，空化泡的运动由近似于稳态空化的多周期振荡转变为只经过一次膨胀压缩后溃灭，最大膨胀幅值也由此先减小，后近似于线性增大，溃灭时间先变短，后稳定在150 μs左右。随着频率的增大，空化泡的最大膨胀幅值变小，溃灭时间变长，振幅的扰动作用对空化泡半径变化和溃灭时间的影响很小。结论 不同温度下空化泡的动力学特性相似，声压幅值的增大和超声频率的降低均有助于提升空化效应，换能器的振动对邻近液体中空化泡的扰动作用可忽略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To make better use of the cavitation effect of ultrasonic cleaning. Methods The dynamic model of cavitation bubble in cleaning area was established on the basis of energy conservation principle. The effects of temperature, acoustic amplitude, ultrasound frequency and ultrasonic amplitude on cavitation bubble dynamics in the cleaning area were simulated numerically. Results The collapse time of cavitation bubble reduced from 579.36 μs to 181.43 μs when the temperature rose from 0 ℃ to 80 ℃. The expansion rate of cavitation bubble was fast at high temperature and the cavitation intensity reached the maximum at 50 ℃, of which the maximum of expansion amplitude of cavitation bubble reached 51.27. With the increase of acoustic amplitude, the motion of cavitation bubble changed from multi period oscillation like steady cavitation to only one expansion compression phase. And the maximum of expansion amplitude decreased first and then increased linearly. Besides, the collapse time shortened first and subsequently became stable at about 150 μs. With the increase of ultrasound frequency, the maximum of amplitude expansion decreased, and the collapse time shortened. The disturbance of amplitude had little influence on the cavitation bubble radius and the collapse time. Conclusion The dynamic characteristics of cavitation bubble motion are similar at different temperatures. A better cavitation effect can be acquired when choosing higher acoustic amplitude and lower ultrasound frequency. Vibration of transducer has negligible effect on the cavitation bubble in nearby liquid. |
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